Exploring the structural characteristics and electrical conductivity of MnTiO3 across ferroelectric and paraelectric phases

In this study, we present the ceramic's structural, dielectric, and impedance characteristics obtained through the solid-state reaction method synthesis. Initial structural analysis was conducted utilizing X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The XRD results show that MnTiO₃ exhibits rhombohedral symmetry. SEM images of MnTiO₃ show the presence of both cubic and large agglomerated grains. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the dielectric HN model in controlling the mechanism. The alternating current (ac) conductivity, when examined in relation to frequency, displays a remarkable adherence to the Johnscher's power law. The change in electrical modulus and the width at half maximum (FWHM) of the curve indicate that the as-prepared sample exhibits a non-Debye relaxation mechanism. Both the temperature data and the frequency dependence of the impedance were used to analyze the electrical conductivity of the sample, which showed a negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR).