{"title":"将能耗优化纳入多目标、稳健的港口多设备综合调度中","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trc.2024.104755","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Port operational efficiency and energy consumption are pivotal, but sometimes contradictory factors influencing its competitiveness. In light of this, the simultaneous optimization of these two objectives within the port integrated scheduling of quay cranes, internal vehicles, and yard cranes, can aid in sustaining port development in the era of digitalization and autonomy. Furthermore, given the persistent fluctuations in uncertain operation time of the cranes and vehicles in port, it becomes imperative to consider the robustness of their scheduling plans collectively. This paper therefore aims to develop a new tri-objective mixed-integer programming model for the first time that enables the incorporation of operational uncertainty and energy efficiency into the context of port operation scheduling consideration. The three objectives are makespan, energy consumption, and scheduling plan robustness, which is represented by anti-cascade and robustness evaluation indices. To effectively address complex optimization challenges, a novel multi-objective solution algorithm has been developed, featured with a dynamic fitness evaluation method selection mechanism. This mechanism utilizes a new crowding distance operator based on the cosine distance of objective value vectors to enhance population diversity in the early stages of the algorithm’s iterations. At the later stages, it employs a fuzzy correlation entropy operator to ensure rapid convergence and high-quality solutions. Comparative experiments conducted in scenarios involving emerging technologies such as U-shaped ports and double-cycling operational mode demonstrate the evident improvements achieved by the new model in terms of makespan, energy consumption, and computational efficiency. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
港口运营效率和能源消耗是影响港口竞争力的关键因素,但有时也是相互矛盾的因素。有鉴于此,在港口码头起重机、内部车辆和堆场起重机的综合调度中同时优化这两个目标,有助于在数字化和自主化时代保持港口的可持续发展。此外,鉴于港口起重机和车辆的不确定作业时间持续波动,必须综合考虑其调度计划的稳健性。因此,本文旨在开发一种新的三目标混合整数编程模型,首次将操作不确定性和能源效率纳入港口操作调度的考虑范围。这三个目标分别是时间跨度(makespan)、能源消耗和调度计划鲁棒性(robustness),鲁棒性由反级联(anti-ascade)和鲁棒性评估指数表示。为了有效应对复杂的优化挑战,我们开发了一种新颖的多目标求解算法,其特点是采用了动态适配性评价方法选择机制。该机制利用基于目标值向量余弦距离的新拥挤距离算子,在算法迭代的早期阶段增强种群多样性。在后期阶段,它采用模糊相关熵算子来确保快速收敛和高质量的解决方案。在涉及 U 型端口和双循环运行模式等新兴技术的场景中进行的对比实验表明,新模型在时间跨度、能耗和计算效率方面都有明显改善。基于令人信服的实验结果,我们提出了有意义的见解和启示,包括港口运营中潜在的时间和能源节约,以及这些模型和算法在港口和其他各种行业中的实际应用性。
Incorporation of energy-consumption optimization into multi-objective and robust port multi-equipment integrated scheduling
Port operational efficiency and energy consumption are pivotal, but sometimes contradictory factors influencing its competitiveness. In light of this, the simultaneous optimization of these two objectives within the port integrated scheduling of quay cranes, internal vehicles, and yard cranes, can aid in sustaining port development in the era of digitalization and autonomy. Furthermore, given the persistent fluctuations in uncertain operation time of the cranes and vehicles in port, it becomes imperative to consider the robustness of their scheduling plans collectively. This paper therefore aims to develop a new tri-objective mixed-integer programming model for the first time that enables the incorporation of operational uncertainty and energy efficiency into the context of port operation scheduling consideration. The three objectives are makespan, energy consumption, and scheduling plan robustness, which is represented by anti-cascade and robustness evaluation indices. To effectively address complex optimization challenges, a novel multi-objective solution algorithm has been developed, featured with a dynamic fitness evaluation method selection mechanism. This mechanism utilizes a new crowding distance operator based on the cosine distance of objective value vectors to enhance population diversity in the early stages of the algorithm’s iterations. At the later stages, it employs a fuzzy correlation entropy operator to ensure rapid convergence and high-quality solutions. Comparative experiments conducted in scenarios involving emerging technologies such as U-shaped ports and double-cycling operational mode demonstrate the evident improvements achieved by the new model in terms of makespan, energy consumption, and computational efficiency. Based on the compelling experimental results, meaningful insights and implications are put forward, including the potential time and energy savings in port operations, and the practical applicability of these models and algorithms in both port and various other industries.
期刊介绍:
Transportation Research: Part C (TR_C) is dedicated to showcasing high-quality, scholarly research that delves into the development, applications, and implications of transportation systems and emerging technologies. Our focus lies not solely on individual technologies, but rather on their broader implications for the planning, design, operation, control, maintenance, and rehabilitation of transportation systems, services, and components. In essence, the intellectual core of the journal revolves around the transportation aspect rather than the technology itself. We actively encourage the integration of quantitative methods from diverse fields such as operations research, control systems, complex networks, computer science, and artificial intelligence. Join us in exploring the intersection of transportation systems and emerging technologies to drive innovation and progress in the field.