Mapping of Aegilops speltoides derived leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes using 35K SNP array.

Wheat is an essential food commodity cultivated throughout the world. However, this crop faces continuous threats from fungal pathogens, leaf rust (LR) and stripe rust (YR). To continue feeding the growing population, these major destructors of wheat must be effectively countered by enhancing the genetic diversity of cultivated germplasm. In this study, an introgression line with hexaploid background (IL^sp3603) carrying resistance against Pt pathotypes 77-5 (121R63-1), 77-9 (121R60-1) and Pst pathotypes 46S119 (46E159), 110S119 (110E159), 238S119 (238E159) was developed from donor wheat wild progenitor, Aegilops speltoides acc pau 3603. To understand the genetic basis of resistance and map these genes (named Lr^sp3603 and Yr^sp3603), inheritance studies were carried out in F₆ and F₇ mapping population, developed by crossing IL^sp3603 with LR and YR susceptible cultivar WL711, which revealed a monogenic (single gene) inheritance pattern for each of these traits. Bulk segregant analysis combined with 35 K Axiom SNP array genotyping mapped both genes as separate entities on the short arm of chromosome 6B. A genetic linkage map, comprising five markers, 1 SNP, 1 PLUG and three gene based SSRs, covered a genetic distance of 12.65 cM. Lr^sp3603 was flanked by markers Tag-SSR14 (located proximally at 2.42 cM) and SNP AX-94542331 (at 3.28 cM) while Yr^sp3603 was mapped at one end closest to AX-94542331 at 6.62 cM distance. Functional annotation of Lr^sp3603 target region (∼ 1 Mbp) revealed 10 gene IDs associated with disease resistance mechanisms including three encoding typical R gene domains.