降雨对稳定边界层大气湍流和近地面相似性的影响

IF 2.3 3区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Abdullah Bolek, Firat Y. Testik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近地面相似性和大气湍流特征对数值天气预报模式有很大影响。然而,在降水过程中,这些相似性的有效性并不明确。本研究调查了降雨对大气边界层湍流和近地表相似性比例变化的影响。我们在美国得克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的室外降雨实验室使用 Parsivel2 测距仪和三维超声波风速仪,实地观测了降雨对稳定边界层近地面相似性和大气湍流的影响。在中到大雨条件下,当湍流强度和风速相对较低时,观测到的湍流能量高于非降雨条件下的湍流能量。相反,当湍流强度和风速相对较高时,稳定边界层中的湍流能量会因雨滴而减弱。具有高粒子雷诺数(\(Re_{p} = D_{m} v_{t} /\vartheta\); \(D_{m}\)-平均体积直径,\({v}_{t}\)-雨滴的末端下落速度,\(\vartheta\)-周围空气的运动粘度)的雨滴可以作为湍流动能的源或汇,这取决于大气的湍流强度。我们的实地观测表明,在降雨的影响下,近地面相似度偏离了比例相似度。降雨时,流向和垂直速度分量的归一化标准偏差以及耗散率均高于非降雨时。讨论了降雨对稳定边界层湍流调制和近表面比例参数的影响,并考虑了相关机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Rainfall Effects on Atmospheric Turbulence and Near-Surface Similarities in the Stable Boundary Layer

Rainfall Effects on Atmospheric Turbulence and Near-Surface Similarities in the Stable Boundary Layer

Near-surface similarities and atmospheric turbulence characteristics have a large impact on numerical weather prediction models. However, the validity of these similarities is unclear during precipitation. This study investigates the modulations in atmospheric boundary layer turbulence and the variations of the near-surface scaling similarities caused by rainfall. Here we present our field observations on the effects of rainfall on the near-surface similarities and atmospheric turbulence in the stable boundary layer using a Parsivel2 disdrometer and a 3D ultrasonic anemometer at our outdoor rainfall laboratory in San Antonio, Texas, USA. During moderate to heavy rainfall conditions, higher turbulent energy was observed than those in non-rainy conditions when the turbulence intensity and the wind speeds were relatively low. On the contrary, when the turbulence intensity and the wind speeds were relatively high, the turbulence energy in the stable boundary layer were dampened due to the raindrops. Raindrops with high particle Reynolds numbers (\(Re_{p} = D_{m} v_{t} /\vartheta\); \(D_{m}\)—mean volume diameter, \({v}_{t}\)—terminal raindrop fall speed, and \(\vartheta\)—kinematic viscosity of the surrounding air) can act as either a source or a sink of turbulent kinetic energy depending on the turbulence intensity of the atmosphere. Our field observations showed that near-surface similarities deviated from the scaled similarities under the influence of rainfall. The normalized standard deviations of the streamwise and vertical velocity components and the dissipation rate were higher during rainy than non-rainy times. Rainfall effects on turbulence modulations and near-surface scaling parameters of the stable boundary layer are discussed with considerations of the relevant mechanisms.

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来源期刊
Boundary-Layer Meteorology
Boundary-Layer Meteorology 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
14.00%
发文量
72
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Boundary-Layer Meteorology offers several publishing options: Research Letters, Research Articles, and Notes and Comments. The Research Letters section is designed to allow quick dissemination of new scientific findings, with an initial review period of no longer than one month. The Research Articles section offers traditional scientific papers that present results and interpretations based on substantial research studies or critical reviews of ongoing research. The Notes and Comments section comprises occasional notes and comments on specific topics with no requirement for rapid publication. Research Letters are limited in size to five journal pages, including no more than three figures, and cannot contain supplementary online material; Research Articles are generally fifteen to twenty pages in length with no more than fifteen figures; Notes and Comments are limited to ten journal pages and five figures. Authors submitting Research Letters should include within their cover letter an explanation of the need for rapid publication. More information regarding all publication formats can be found in the recent Editorial ‘Introducing Research Letters to Boundary-Layer Meteorology’.
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