可再生能源的生命周期评估:太阳能和风能视角

Francisco Portillo, Alfredo Alcayde, Rosa Maria Garcia, Manuel Fernandez-Ros, Jose Antonio Gazquez, Nuria Novas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

可持续能源解决方案日益紧迫,因此有必要深入了解可再生技术对环境的影响。本文旨在综合分析该领域的生命周期评估(LCA),提供一个全面的视角。我们将 2923 篇文章系统地分为四个领域:(1) 光伏系统;(2) 风能系统;(3) 太阳能热系统;(4) 支持这些系统的辅助工业材料。我们进行了比较分析,以确定这些部门在方法上的一致性和差异。研究结果揭示了不同的方法和一系列环境影响,突出了评估可再生能源系统的复杂性。文章强调了光伏、太阳能和风能系统中材料选择的重要性,对可再生能源生命周期评估研究的现状进行了批判性概述,并强调了标准化方法的必要性。该书还指出了近期研究中的不足,为今后重点关注在可再生能源评估中整合环境、经济和社会因素的研究提供了启示。整合环境评估为就可持续技术做出明智决策提供了一个强有力的框架。这些研究结果对于平衡技术需求与可持续发展目标的项目至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Life Cycle Assessment in Renewable Energy: Solar and Wind Perspectives
The growing urgency for sustainable energy solutions necessitates a deeper understanding of the environmental impacts of renewable technologies. This article aims to synthesize and analyze Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) in this domain, providing a comprehensive perspective. We systematically categorized 2923 articles into four sectors: (1) photovoltaic systems, (2) wind energy systems, (3) solar thermal systems, and (4) materials for auxiliary industry supporting these systems. A comparative analysis was conducted to identify methodological consistencies and disparities across these sectors. The findings reveal diverse methodological approaches and a range of environmental impacts, highlighting the complexities in assessing renewable energy systems. The article underscores the significance of material selection in photovoltaic, solar, and wind systems, providing a critical overview of the current state of LCA research in renewable energy and stressing the need for standardized methodologies. It also identifies gaps in recent research, offering insights for future studies focused on integrating environmental, economic, and social considerations in renewable energy assessments. Integrating environmental assessments provides a robust framework for making informed decisions on sustainable technologies. The findings are critical for projects that balance technological needs with sustainability goals.
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