Results of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy With CyberKnife-M6 for Primary and Metastatic Lung Cancer.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using the CyberKnife-M6 (CK-M6) with lung optimized treatment (LOT) module in patients with primary lung cancer and lung metastases.

Methods: Forty-two lesions from 35 patients were treated between 2019 and 2022. Four-dimensional computed tomography images were obtained when the patients were in a free breathing modality. Tracking modality was selected prospectively according to the visibility of the target. The median prescribed dose was 48 Gy in four fractions (fx) (28 - 55 Gy/1- 7 fx). The median age was 68 years (47 - 82 years), and 43% of cases were adenocarcinoma. The median lesion size was 15 mm (6 - 36 mm).

Results: Complete, partial and stable responses were obtained as 26%, 62%, and 9.5% at a median of 2 months (1 - 6 months), and 35.5%, 47.5% and 5% at the 12th month evaluation, respectively. Grade 3 and higher toxicity was not observed in any case. The mean and 2-year overall survival (OS) was 31.5 months and 54%, and the local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was 29.6 months and 51%, respectively. In univariate analysis, target lesion type, complete response (CR), and higher esophagus maximum dose were favorable factors for OS and LRFS (P < 0.05). The CR at 12th month evaluation remained significant in multivariate analysis in terms of OS (hazard ratio = 8.602, 95% confidence interval: 1.05 - 70.01; P = 0.044).

Conclusions: A mean LRFS of 29.6 months and OS of 31.5 months were obtained in patients with primary and metastatic lung cancer. With a median treatment time of 25 min, motion-managed strategy with CK-M6-LOT-based SBRT is an effective, safe, and comfortable treatment method for lung cancer.