灾后背景下的沿海渔业和社区支持系统

IF 2.2 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Clara Obregón, Ada Sokach, Pita Neihapi, Ajay Arudere, Lucy Joy, Regina Ephraim, Jayven Ham, Douglas Koran, Vasemaca Malverus, Abel Sami, Sompert Gereva, Dirk J. Steenbergen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

太平洋岛屿国家和领土极易遭受自然灾害,而极端天气事件的频率和强度的增加又加剧了自然灾害。太平洋社会,如瓦努阿图,在许多方面都受到了自然灾害的影响;这反映在农村沿海社区的习俗和社会结构中。当自然灾害发生时,政府的注意力理所当然地集中在引导和协调国际人道主义援助上,以弥补能力上的不足,并为国家恢复工作提供资源。然而,灾后恢复的核心,尤其是在破坏发生后的第一时间,是当地人(在社区内部和社区之间)相互支持的方式。国家和地方恢复工作之间的脱节很常见,会阻碍有效应对。本研究旨在了解横向的、自发组织的社区对社区支持系统以及社区在灾后对外部援助的参与情况。本研究利用了两个不同的数据集:i)2023 年瓦努阿图遭受双重热带气旋 "朱迪 "和 "凯文 "袭击后不久,瓦努阿图国家灾害管理办公室领导的紧急救援工作中收集的观察结果;ii)瓦努阿图渔业部领导的损失和损害调查,以估算这些气旋在瓦努阿图不同地区造成的损害程度。通过这一过程,我们强调了促成社区对社区支持的社会体系,以及外部援助以更有效的方式支持社区的潜在机会。结果显示,社区对社区的支持在灾后最初几周至关重要。认识到不同的支持网络在灾害应对的不同阶段所发挥的作用,不仅对于提高人们和机构从特定破坏中反弹的能力至关重要,而且对于在气候变化面前加强社区复原力的更广泛努力也至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Coastal fisheries and community-based support systems in post disaster contexts

Coastal fisheries and community-based support systems in post disaster contexts

Pacific Island Countries and Territories are highly exposed to natural disasters, intensified by increases in frequency and force of extreme weather events. Pacific societies, like in Vanuatu, have been shaped in many ways by such natural disasters; reflected in customary practices and social fabric of rural coastal communities. When a natural disaster occurs, government attention justifiably focuses on channelling and coordinating international humanitarian aid to fill gaps in capacity and resourcing national recovery efforts. However, central to disaster recovery, particularly in the immediate aftermath of disruption, are the ways that local people support each other (within and between communities). Disconnects between national and local recovery efforts are common and stand to inhibit effective responses. This study aims to understand horizontal, self-organised community-to-community support systems and communities’ post-disaster engagement with external aid. It draws from two different datasets: i) the observations collected through the emergency relief work led by the National Disaster Management Office in Vanuatu shortly after the 2023 twin tropical cyclones Judy and Kevin hit the country, as well as ii) the loss and damage survey led by the Vanuatu Fisheries Department to estimate the level of damage these cyclones caused in various regions of Vanuatu. Through this process, we highlight the social systems that enable community-to-community support, as well as potential opportunities for external-aid to support communities in a more efficient manner. Results reveal that community-to-community support is critical in the first weeks post-disaster. Recognizing the roles that different support networks play at different stages of disaster response is critical not only to improving people's and institutions' ability to bounce back from particular disruptions, but also in broader efforts to strengthen community resilience in the face of climate change.

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来源期刊
Maritime Studies
Maritime Studies ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
11.80%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Maritime Studies is an international peer-reviewed journal on the social dimensions of coastal and marine issues throughout the world. The journal is a venue for theoretical and empirical research relevant to a wide range of academic social science disciplines, including anthropology, sociology, geography, history and political science. Space is especially given to develop academic concepts and debate. We invite original research papers, reviews and viewpoints and welcome proposals for special issues that make a distinctive contribution to contemporary discussion around maritime and coastal use, development and governance. The journal provides a rigorous but constructive review process and rapid publication, and is accessible to new researchers, including postgraduate students and early career academics.
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