森林与草地比率的阈值对于协调干旱地区生态系统服务的时空关系至关重要

IF 4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY
Ying Luo , Yihe Lü , Xingjian Guo , Yuanxin Liu , Liwei Zhang , Ting Li
{"title":"森林与草地比率的阈值对于协调干旱地区生态系统服务的时空关系至关重要","authors":"Ying Luo ,&nbsp;Yihe Lü ,&nbsp;Xingjian Guo ,&nbsp;Yuanxin Liu ,&nbsp;Liwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103334","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With extensive ecological restoration combating land degradation, known negative effects have caused these measures to shift from widespread vegetation planting to detailed structural reengineering. The specific type and quantity of ecological land have thus become the core issue of future ecological restoration to provide more ecological functions and resist land degradation. This requires adequate landscape structure analysis to identify appropriate patterns for harmonizing multiple ecosystem services (ESs). Identifying how the forest-to-grassland ratio (FGrat) affects ES correlation (EScor) can thus assist in such detailed ecological restoration in dryland regions. During landscape planning, the scale effect is also a problem that must be considered. In this paper, the changes in the trade-offs or synergies of three critical ESs (i.e., soil retention (SR), water yield (WY), and carbon sequestration (CS)) were compared and analyzed at three scales (grid, township and county) during 2000–2020 on the Loess Plateau (LP), which is a typical dryland region. Then, the responses of the EScors to time and the FGrat were analyzed via threshold identification in the different eco-regions. The results show that the direction and change trend of most EScors in different eco-regions were similar at each spatial scale over the past 20 years. Decreased synergy and increased trade-offs can be seen in the EScors of SR-WY and SR-CS in most regions. With the growth of vegetation and natural recovery, the EScors in plain area (PA) and earth-rocky mountainous area (EM) changed from having different trends to being similar to those in other eco-regions, which indicates that natural restoration gradually harmonizes vegetation coverage and naturally regulates the EScors. This highlights the importance of ecological restoration measures that should be based on natural situations. Moreover, the turning points of EScors between SR and WY mostly occurred around 2005 and were affected by artificial ecological restoration. The turning points of the EScors related to CS mainly occurred after 2010 and was also affected by vegetation growth and natural restoration. Spatially, most EScors were synergistic and strengthened as the scale increases, and most of the thresholds response to FGrat identified revealed no significant scale effects, which is significant and conducive to cross-scale research on the planning and management of ecological restoration in drylands. We also identified different FGrat thresholds in six eco-regions with different landscape structures and local environments. When the FGrat thresholds do not change significantly with scale, such as in the response of SR-CS or WY-CS to the FGrats, ecological restoration should mainly consider regional differences rather than scale. This study improves our understanding of how interactions between ESs depend on spatial scales and can inform decision-makers about how to control the FGrat to improve the reliability and sustainability of regional ecological restoration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48396,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The thresholds of forest-to-grassland ratios can be critical for harmonizing ecosystem service relationships spatiotemporally in dryland regions\",\"authors\":\"Ying Luo ,&nbsp;Yihe Lü ,&nbsp;Xingjian Guo ,&nbsp;Yuanxin Liu ,&nbsp;Liwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103334\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>With extensive ecological restoration combating land degradation, known negative effects have caused these measures to shift from widespread vegetation planting to detailed structural reengineering. The specific type and quantity of ecological land have thus become the core issue of future ecological restoration to provide more ecological functions and resist land degradation. This requires adequate landscape structure analysis to identify appropriate patterns for harmonizing multiple ecosystem services (ESs). Identifying how the forest-to-grassland ratio (FGrat) affects ES correlation (EScor) can thus assist in such detailed ecological restoration in dryland regions. During landscape planning, the scale effect is also a problem that must be considered. In this paper, the changes in the trade-offs or synergies of three critical ESs (i.e., soil retention (SR), water yield (WY), and carbon sequestration (CS)) were compared and analyzed at three scales (grid, township and county) during 2000–2020 on the Loess Plateau (LP), which is a typical dryland region. Then, the responses of the EScors to time and the FGrat were analyzed via threshold identification in the different eco-regions. The results show that the direction and change trend of most EScors in different eco-regions were similar at each spatial scale over the past 20 years. Decreased synergy and increased trade-offs can be seen in the EScors of SR-WY and SR-CS in most regions. With the growth of vegetation and natural recovery, the EScors in plain area (PA) and earth-rocky mountainous area (EM) changed from having different trends to being similar to those in other eco-regions, which indicates that natural restoration gradually harmonizes vegetation coverage and naturally regulates the EScors. This highlights the importance of ecological restoration measures that should be based on natural situations. Moreover, the turning points of EScors between SR and WY mostly occurred around 2005 and were affected by artificial ecological restoration. The turning points of the EScors related to CS mainly occurred after 2010 and was also affected by vegetation growth and natural restoration. Spatially, most EScors were synergistic and strengthened as the scale increases, and most of the thresholds response to FGrat identified revealed no significant scale effects, which is significant and conducive to cross-scale research on the planning and management of ecological restoration in drylands. We also identified different FGrat thresholds in six eco-regions with different landscape structures and local environments. When the FGrat thresholds do not change significantly with scale, such as in the response of SR-CS or WY-CS to the FGrats, ecological restoration should mainly consider regional differences rather than scale. This study improves our understanding of how interactions between ESs depend on spatial scales and can inform decision-makers about how to control the FGrat to improve the reliability and sustainability of regional ecological restoration.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48396,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Geography\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Geography\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143622824001395\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOGRAPHY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Geography","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143622824001395","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

随着大范围的生态恢复与土地退化作斗争,已知的负面影响使这些措施从广泛的植被种植转向细致的结构再造。因此,生态用地的具体类型和数量已成为未来生态恢复的核心问题,以提供更多的生态功能,抵御土地退化。这就需要进行充分的景观结构分析,以确定协调多种生态系统服务(ES)的适当模式。因此,确定森林与草地的比例(FGrat)如何影响生态系统服务相关性(EScor)有助于在干旱地区进行这种详细的生态恢复。在景观规划过程中,规模效应也是一个必须考虑的问题。本文比较分析了典型旱地黄土高原(LP)在 2000-2020 年间三种尺度(网格、乡镇和县)上三种关键 ES(即土壤保持率(SR)、产水量(WY)和固碳量(CS))的权衡或协同变化。然后,通过阈值识别分析了不同生态区域的 EScors 对时间和 FGrat 的响应。结果表明,在过去 20 年中,不同生态区域大多数 EScors 在各个空间尺度上的变化方向和变化趋势相似。在大多数区域,SR-WY 和 SR-CS 的 EScors 中可以看到协同作用减弱,权衡作用增强。随着植被的增加和自然恢复,平原区(PA)和土石山区(EM)的 EScors 从不同趋势变为与其他生态区域相似,这表明自然恢复逐渐协调了植被覆盖,自然调节了 EScors。这凸显了生态恢复措施应以自然状况为基础的重要性。此外,SR 与 WY 之间的 EScors 转折点大多出现在 2005 年前后,并受到人工生态恢复的影响。与 CS 相关的 EScors 的转折点主要发生在 2010 年之后,也受到植被生长和自然恢复的影响。从空间上看,大多数 EScors 具有协同效应,并随着尺度的增加而增强,而所确定的 FGrat 的阈值响应大多没有显著的尺度效应,这对旱地生态恢复的跨尺度规划和管理研究具有重要意义和促进作用。我们还在六个生态区域发现了不同的 FGrat 阈值,这些区域的景观结构和当地环境各不相同。当 FGrat 阈值随尺度变化不大时,如 SR-CS 或 WY-CS 对 FGrat 的响应,生态恢复应主要考虑区域差异而非尺度。这项研究加深了我们对环境系统之间的相互作用如何依赖于空间尺度的理解,可为决策者提供如何控制FGrat以提高区域生态恢复的可靠性和可持续性的信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The thresholds of forest-to-grassland ratios can be critical for harmonizing ecosystem service relationships spatiotemporally in dryland regions

With extensive ecological restoration combating land degradation, known negative effects have caused these measures to shift from widespread vegetation planting to detailed structural reengineering. The specific type and quantity of ecological land have thus become the core issue of future ecological restoration to provide more ecological functions and resist land degradation. This requires adequate landscape structure analysis to identify appropriate patterns for harmonizing multiple ecosystem services (ESs). Identifying how the forest-to-grassland ratio (FGrat) affects ES correlation (EScor) can thus assist in such detailed ecological restoration in dryland regions. During landscape planning, the scale effect is also a problem that must be considered. In this paper, the changes in the trade-offs or synergies of three critical ESs (i.e., soil retention (SR), water yield (WY), and carbon sequestration (CS)) were compared and analyzed at three scales (grid, township and county) during 2000–2020 on the Loess Plateau (LP), which is a typical dryland region. Then, the responses of the EScors to time and the FGrat were analyzed via threshold identification in the different eco-regions. The results show that the direction and change trend of most EScors in different eco-regions were similar at each spatial scale over the past 20 years. Decreased synergy and increased trade-offs can be seen in the EScors of SR-WY and SR-CS in most regions. With the growth of vegetation and natural recovery, the EScors in plain area (PA) and earth-rocky mountainous area (EM) changed from having different trends to being similar to those in other eco-regions, which indicates that natural restoration gradually harmonizes vegetation coverage and naturally regulates the EScors. This highlights the importance of ecological restoration measures that should be based on natural situations. Moreover, the turning points of EScors between SR and WY mostly occurred around 2005 and were affected by artificial ecological restoration. The turning points of the EScors related to CS mainly occurred after 2010 and was also affected by vegetation growth and natural restoration. Spatially, most EScors were synergistic and strengthened as the scale increases, and most of the thresholds response to FGrat identified revealed no significant scale effects, which is significant and conducive to cross-scale research on the planning and management of ecological restoration in drylands. We also identified different FGrat thresholds in six eco-regions with different landscape structures and local environments. When the FGrat thresholds do not change significantly with scale, such as in the response of SR-CS or WY-CS to the FGrats, ecological restoration should mainly consider regional differences rather than scale. This study improves our understanding of how interactions between ESs depend on spatial scales and can inform decision-makers about how to control the FGrat to improve the reliability and sustainability of regional ecological restoration.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Applied Geography
Applied Geography GEOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
2.00%
发文量
134
期刊介绍: Applied Geography is a journal devoted to the publication of research which utilizes geographic approaches (human, physical, nature-society and GIScience) to resolve human problems that have a spatial dimension. These problems may be related to the assessment, management and allocation of the world physical and/or human resources. The underlying rationale of the journal is that only through a clear understanding of the relevant societal, physical, and coupled natural-humans systems can we resolve such problems. Papers are invited on any theme involving the application of geographical theory and methodology in the resolution of human problems.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信