Sebastián Cordero, Francisca Gálvez, Francisco E. Fontúrbel
{"title":"利用高价值有限资源的本地-外来啮齿动物群共存的基础是时间和行为上的生态位划分","authors":"Sebastián Cordero, Francisca Gálvez, Francisco E. Fontúrbel","doi":"10.1111/aec.13560","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Niche partitioning is a common strategy species use to avoid competition for limited resources, allowing them to coexist. Rodent species often reduce competition by spatial segregation and trophic differentiation, but behavioural differences, particularly related to foraging, can also be important. Therefore, temporal segregation can also be an important mechanism for species coexistence, as it helps them avoid sub-optimal habitats. We found three rodent species (the native <i>Octodon degus</i> and <i>O. lunatus,</i> and the exotic <i>Rattus rattus</i>) foraging on endemic palm <i>Jubaea chilensis</i> seeds, a highly valuable but limited resource. We hypothesized that these rodent species could coexist by segregating foraging in time, showing behavioural differences. To test this, we used camera traps to monitor the fate of <i>J. chilensis</i> seeds and rodent activity at 25 feeding stations. From 596 photographic records, we identified 128 as <i>O. degus</i>, 232 as <i>O. lunatus</i> and 236 as <i>R. rattus</i>. <i>Octodon degus</i> had a diurnal activity, while <i>O. lunatus</i> and <i>R. rattus</i> were nocturnal, showing significant temporal segregation. However, we found no spatial association among these rodents. We found significant behavioural differences in decision and handling times and seed removal rates, with <i>O. degus</i> having the greatest seed removal rate. Nevertheless, we found some nocturnal <i>O. degus</i> records in which the three rodent species were co-foraging, which may suggest that the resource is limited but valuable enough to shift from exploitation to interference competition. Our results suggest that temporal and behavioural differentiation are more important than spatial segregation and trophic differentiation. Thus, niche partition over multiple dimensions might allow for species coexistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8663,"journal":{"name":"Austral Ecology","volume":"49 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Temporal and behavioural niche partitioning underlies coexistence within a native-exotic rodent assemblage exploiting a high-value limited resource\",\"authors\":\"Sebastián Cordero, Francisca Gálvez, Francisco E. Fontúrbel\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/aec.13560\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Niche partitioning is a common strategy species use to avoid competition for limited resources, allowing them to coexist. Rodent species often reduce competition by spatial segregation and trophic differentiation, but behavioural differences, particularly related to foraging, can also be important. Therefore, temporal segregation can also be an important mechanism for species coexistence, as it helps them avoid sub-optimal habitats. We found three rodent species (the native <i>Octodon degus</i> and <i>O. lunatus,</i> and the exotic <i>Rattus rattus</i>) foraging on endemic palm <i>Jubaea chilensis</i> seeds, a highly valuable but limited resource. We hypothesized that these rodent species could coexist by segregating foraging in time, showing behavioural differences. To test this, we used camera traps to monitor the fate of <i>J. chilensis</i> seeds and rodent activity at 25 feeding stations. From 596 photographic records, we identified 128 as <i>O. degus</i>, 232 as <i>O. lunatus</i> and 236 as <i>R. rattus</i>. <i>Octodon degus</i> had a diurnal activity, while <i>O. lunatus</i> and <i>R. rattus</i> were nocturnal, showing significant temporal segregation. However, we found no spatial association among these rodents. We found significant behavioural differences in decision and handling times and seed removal rates, with <i>O. degus</i> having the greatest seed removal rate. Nevertheless, we found some nocturnal <i>O. degus</i> records in which the three rodent species were co-foraging, which may suggest that the resource is limited but valuable enough to shift from exploitation to interference competition. Our results suggest that temporal and behavioural differentiation are more important than spatial segregation and trophic differentiation. 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Temporal and behavioural niche partitioning underlies coexistence within a native-exotic rodent assemblage exploiting a high-value limited resource
Niche partitioning is a common strategy species use to avoid competition for limited resources, allowing them to coexist. Rodent species often reduce competition by spatial segregation and trophic differentiation, but behavioural differences, particularly related to foraging, can also be important. Therefore, temporal segregation can also be an important mechanism for species coexistence, as it helps them avoid sub-optimal habitats. We found three rodent species (the native Octodon degus and O. lunatus, and the exotic Rattus rattus) foraging on endemic palm Jubaea chilensis seeds, a highly valuable but limited resource. We hypothesized that these rodent species could coexist by segregating foraging in time, showing behavioural differences. To test this, we used camera traps to monitor the fate of J. chilensis seeds and rodent activity at 25 feeding stations. From 596 photographic records, we identified 128 as O. degus, 232 as O. lunatus and 236 as R. rattus. Octodon degus had a diurnal activity, while O. lunatus and R. rattus were nocturnal, showing significant temporal segregation. However, we found no spatial association among these rodents. We found significant behavioural differences in decision and handling times and seed removal rates, with O. degus having the greatest seed removal rate. Nevertheless, we found some nocturnal O. degus records in which the three rodent species were co-foraging, which may suggest that the resource is limited but valuable enough to shift from exploitation to interference competition. Our results suggest that temporal and behavioural differentiation are more important than spatial segregation and trophic differentiation. Thus, niche partition over multiple dimensions might allow for species coexistence.
期刊介绍:
Austral Ecology is the premier journal for basic and applied ecology in the Southern Hemisphere. As the official Journal of The Ecological Society of Australia (ESA), Austral Ecology addresses the commonality between ecosystems in Australia and many parts of southern Africa, South America, New Zealand and Oceania. For example many species in the unique biotas of these regions share common Gondwana ancestors. ESA''s aim is to publish innovative research to encourage the sharing of information and experiences that enrich the understanding of the ecology of the Southern Hemisphere.
Austral Ecology involves an editorial board with representatives from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Brazil and Argentina. These representatives provide expert opinions, access to qualified reviewers and act as a focus for attracting a wide range of contributions from countries across the region.
Austral Ecology publishes original papers describing experimental, observational or theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine or freshwater systems, which are considered without taxonomic bias. Special thematic issues are published regularly, including symposia on the ecology of estuaries and soft sediment habitats, freshwater systems and coral reef fish.