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引用次数: 0
摘要
生态位的机制预测从根本上说是建立在能量和质量交换过程的基础上的,而要做到这一点,就必须将这些过程与小气候联系起来,并结合行为学和生理学。叶片温度及相关蒸腾和净光合作用率的估算是生态学、农业和全球变化生物学的基础。计算叶片能量预算的公式已经有 60 多年的历史,复杂的气孔行为模型也已开发出来。然而,在现实微气候条件下估算叶片温度(包括土壤湿度影响)的用户友好型方法仍然有限。在这里,我们展示了 R 编程环境中 NicheMapR 软件包的集成微气候和外温功能,可用于快速有效地估算各种叶片功能类型、根系深度和微生境下的叶温及相关失水率和光合作用。气孔导度可保持恒定或模拟动态变化:(a) 作为蒸汽压力不足和二氧化碳浓度的函数;(b) 作为土壤水势的函数;(c) 作为避免热应力的体温调节机制。我们利用澳大利亚干旱灌木林、美国蒙大拿州温带林地、美国科罗拉多州海拔梯度以及美国佛罗里达州植物园的夏季每小时叶温观测数据对该方法进行了测试。国家或全球网格数据集可提供所需的强迫数据,但也可使用本地观测数据或本地数据与网格数据的某种组合。全球ERA5和NCEP数据集允许在世界任何地方进行历史叶片能量预算计算,我们还开发了一个Shiny应用程序,以方便将模型与这些数据集结合使用。计算出的叶片能量预算情况可用于设计信息丰富的实地项目,以收集自然环境下叶片温度所需的详细时间数据,从而更好地预测和解释植物如何应对环境变化。
期刊介绍:
A British Ecological Society journal, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (MEE) promotes the development of new methods in ecology and evolution, and facilitates their dissemination and uptake by the research community. MEE brings together papers from previously disparate sub-disciplines to provide a single forum for tracking methodological developments in all areas.
MEE publishes methodological papers in any area of ecology and evolution, including:
-Phylogenetic analysis
-Statistical methods
-Conservation & management
-Theoretical methods
-Practical methods, including lab and field
-This list is not exhaustive, and we welcome enquiries about possible submissions. Methods are defined in the widest terms and may be analytical, practical or conceptual.
A primary aim of the journal is to maximise the uptake of techniques by the community. We recognise that a major stumbling block in the uptake and application of new methods is the accessibility of methods. For example, users may need computer code, example applications or demonstrations of methods.