生命末期护理中文化的意义--对姑息治疗专科护士的访谈研究。

IF 2.5 2区 医学 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Rasha Mian, Åsa Rejnö
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:世界各国的多元文化和多样性正在日益增强,这既是由于越来越多的人逃离战乱国家,也是由于与劳工移民有关的流动性增加。文化是一个宽泛的概念,其定义主要集中在一群人所学习和共享的价值观、传统和信仰上。人们的文化会影响健康和对疾病的看法,以及治疗、症状和护理。此外,处于生命末期的人生活和存在于各个层面和各种护理环境之中。专业的姑息治疗要求护士具备足够的知识和技能,以负责满足病人在文化层面上的护理需求,无论其文化归属如何。本研究旨在强调护士在专科姑息关怀中护理生命末期患者时对文化意义的体验:研究采用定性设计和归纳法。对瑞典西部的 12 名护士进行了半结构化访谈。采用定性内容分析法对数据进行分析:结果:护士们对文化现象及其如何影响临终姑息治疗有了一定的认识。结果显示了两个类别,即文化对护理的影响的认识和文化对护士心态和方法的影响,包括七个子类别,突出了护士的经验。研究发现,不同文化对死亡和濒死的概念、谁应该知情以及治疗方法存在差异。当每个人的文化偏好不同时,也会产生挑战和情绪。以人为本的方法允许承认临终者的文化,以满足不同文化的需求和愿望:结论:提供符合文化习俗的护理是一项重大挑战。对于护士应如何应对和处理可能与姑息关怀的价值观和基石不同的文化观念的多样性,往往没有规定常规或方法。以人为本的策略有助于更好地处理这种情况,并在尊重文化多样性的条件下提供公平的关怀。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The meaning of culture in nursing at the end of life - an interview study with nurses in specialized palliative care.

Background: The countries of the world are becoming increasingly multicultural and diverse, both as a result of growing migration, of people fleeing countries at war but also due to increased mobility related to labour immigration. Culture is a broad concept where the definitions focus on learned and shared values, traditions, and beliefs of a group of individuals. People's culture affects health and perceptions of illness as well as treatment, symptoms, and care. Moreover, people who are at the end of life, live and exist within all levels and contexts of care. Specialized palliative care requires that the nurse has sufficient knowledge and skills to be responsible for meeting the patient's nursing needs also on a cultural level, regardless of cultural affiliation. The aim of the study was to highlight nurses' experiences of the meaning of culture when caring for patients at the end of life in specialized palliative care.

Methods: The study was conducted with a qualitative design and inductive approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve nurses in western Sweden. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: The nurses had an awareness of culture as a phenomenon and how it affected palliative care at the end of life. The results showed two categories, Awareness of the impact of culture on nursing and Culture's impact and influence on the nurse's mindset and approach, consisting of seven subcategories that highlight the nurse's experience. It emerged that there are differences between cultures regarding notions of dying and death, who should be informed, and treatments. There were also challenges and emotions that arose when cultural preferences differed among everyone involved. A person-centred approach allowed for recognition of the dying person's culture, to meet diverse cultural needs and wishes.

Conclusion: Providing culturally competent care is a major challenge. There are often no routines or methods prescribed for how nurses should relate to and handle the diversity of cultural notions that may differ from the values and cornerstones of palliative care. Having a person-centred approach as strategy can help to better manage the situation and provide equitable care on terms that respect cultural diversity.

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来源期刊
BMC Palliative Care
BMC Palliative Care HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
9.70%
发文量
201
审稿时长
21 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Palliative Care is an open access journal publishing original peer-reviewed research articles in the clinical, scientific, ethical and policy issues, local and international, regarding all aspects of hospice and palliative care for the dying and for those with profound suffering related to chronic illness.
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