从埃及鸡屠体中分离出的耐秋水仙素、头孢吡肟和左氧氟沙星的肠炎沙门氏菌血清型。

IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
Bassant Ashraf El-Saeed, Hend Ali Elshebrawy, Amira Ibrahim Zakaria, Adel Abdelkhalek, Khalid Ibrahim Sallam
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:耐多药(MDR)沙门氏菌菌株的出现,尤其是对氟喹诺酮类、第三代和第四代头孢菌素等重要抗菌药物耐药菌株的出现,是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。因此,本研究旨在确定沙门氏菌中毒力基因(invA、stn 和 spvC 基因)的流行率和存在情况、抗菌药耐药性概况以及β-内酰胺酶耐药基因(blaOXA、blaCTX-M1、blaSHV、和 blaTEM),并重点研究分离出的耐 MDR、耐可乐定、耐头孢吡肟和耐左氧氟沙星的肠炎沙门氏菌血清型对公共卫生的风险。研究方法2022 年 7 月至 2022 年 11 月期间,从埃及曼苏拉市的不同家禽店收集了 150 只刚宰杀的土鸡尸体。采用标准细菌学技术分离沙门氏菌,包括在缓冲蛋白胨水(BPW)中进行预富集、在拉帕波特-瓦西里阿迪斯肉汤(RVS)中进行选择性富集以及在木糖-赖氨酸-去氧胆酸盐(XLD)琼脂表面进行培养。对所有疑似沙门氏菌菌落进行生化检验、玻片凝集试验血清学鉴定和针对入侵 A 基因(invA;沙门氏菌标记基因)的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)。随后,对所有经分子鉴定的分离物进行了毒力基因(stn 和 spvC)筛查。除可乐定的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)是通过肉汤微量稀释法测定的外,其他分离的沙门菌株对所测试的 16 种抗菌剂的抗菌敏感性测试均采用柯比-鲍尔(Kirby-Bauer)盘扩散法进行分析。此外,还利用针对β-内酰胺酶耐药基因(包括 blaOXA、blaCTX-M1、blaSHV 和 blaTEM 基因)的多重 PCR 技术检测了 82 个耐头孢他啶的沙门氏菌分离株:结果:通过 invA 沙门氏菌标记基因,18%(27/150)的新拌土鸡胴体中的肠炎沙门氏菌得到了分子确证。在 129 个确诊的沙门氏菌分离物中发现了 12 个沙门氏菌血清型,其中最主要的血清型为肯塔基沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和莫拉德沙门氏菌,发病率分别为 19.4% (25/129)、17.1% (22/129)、17.1% (22/129) 和 10.9% (14/129)。所有鉴定出的沙门氏菌分离物(n = 129)的 invA 和 stn 基因均呈阳性,而只有 31.8%(41/129)的分离物的 spvC 基因呈阳性。在 129 个沙门氏菌验证分离物中,有 121 个(93.8%)对至少三种抗生素具有耐药性。有趣的是,分别有 3.9%、14.7% 和 75.2% 的分离菌株被归类为泛耐药菌株、广泛耐药菌株和多重耐药菌株。检测的 129 个分离株的平均 MAR 指数为 0.505。确切地说,分别有82.2%、82.2%、63.6%、51.9%、50.4%、48.8%、11.6%和10.1%的沙门氏菌株对头孢吡肟、可乐定、头孢他啶、头孢唑肟/克拉维酸、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、阿奇霉素和美罗培南产生耐药性。在 82 个对头孢他啶产生耐药性的沙门氏菌分离物中,有 31 个(37.8%)产生了β-内酰胺酶,其中 blaTEM 是最主要的β-内酰胺酶耐药基因,其次是 blaCTX-M1 和 blaOXA 基因,分别在 21 个、16 个和 14 个分离物中检测到):从土鸡沙门氏菌分离物中检出的耐 MDR、耐可乐定、耐头孢吡肟和耐左氧氟沙星的沙门氏菌血清型的高流行率令人担忧,因为这些抗菌药物在治疗严重的沙门氏菌病病例中至关重要,而且迫切需要控制兽医和人类医学中抗生素的使用,以保护公众健康。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Colistin-, cefepime-, and levofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from Egyptian chicken carcasses.

Objectives: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella strains, especially resistant ones toward critically important antimicrobial classes such as fluoroquinolones and third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, is a growing public health concern. The current study, therefore, aimed to determine the prevalence, and existence of virulence genes (invA, stn, and spvC genes), antimicrobial resistance profiles, and the presence of β-lactamase resistance genes (blaOXA, blaCTX-M1, blaSHV, and blaTEM) in Salmonella strains isolated from native chicken carcasses in Egypt marketed in Mansoura, Egypt, as well as spotlight the risk of isolated MDR, colistin-, cefepime-, and levofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars to public health.

Methods: One hundred fifty freshly dressed native chicken carcasses were collected from different poultry shops in Mansoura City, Egypt between July 2022 and November 2022. Salmonella isolation was performed using standard bacteriological techniques, including pre-enrichment in buffered peptone water (BPW), selective enrichment in Rappaport Vassiliadis broth (RVS), and cultivating on the surface of xylose-lysine-desoxycholate (XLD) agar. All suspected Salmonella colonies were subjected to biochemical tests, serological identification using slide agglutination test, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the invasion A gene (invA; Salmonella marker gene). Afterward, all molecularly verified isolates were screened for the presence of virulence genes (stn and spvC). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing for isolated Salmonella strains towards the 16 antimicrobial agents tested was analyzed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, except for colistin, in which the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution technique. Furthermore, 82 cefotaxime-resistant Salmonella isolates were tested using multiplex PCR targeting the β-lactamase resistance genes, including blaOXA, blaCTX-M1, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes.

Results: Salmonella enterica species were molecularly confirmed via the invA Salmonella marker gene in 18% (27/150) of the freshly dressed native chicken carcasses. Twelve Salmonella serotypes were identified among 129 confirmed Salmonella isolates with the most predominant serotypes were S. Kentucky, S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Molade with an incidence of 19.4% (25/129), 17.1% (22/129), 17.1% (22/129), and 10.9% (14/129), respectively. All the identified Salmonella isolates (n = 129) were positive for both invA and stn genes, while only 31.8% (41/129) of isolates were positive for the spvC gene. One hundred twenty-one (93.8%) of the 129 Salmonella-verified isolates were resistant to at least three antibiotics. Interestingly, 3.9%, 14.7%, and 75.2% of isolates were categorized into pan-drug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and multidrug-resistant, respectively. The average MAR index for the 129 isolates tested was 0.505. Exactly, 82.2%, 82.2%, 63.6%, 51.9%, 50.4%, 48.8%, 11.6%, and 10.1% of isolated Salmonella strains were resistant to cefepime, colistin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and meropenem, respectively. Thirty-one out (37.8%) of the 82 cefotaxime-resistant Salmonella isolates were β-lactamase producers with the blaTEM as the most predominant β-lactamase resistance gene, followed by blaCTX-M1 and blaOXA genes, which were detected in 21, 16, and 14 isolates respectively).

Conclusion: The high prevalence of MDR-, colistin-, cefepime-, and levofloxacin-resistant Salmonella serovars among Salmonella isolates from native chicken is alarming as these antimicrobials are critically important in treating severe salmonellosis cases and boost the urgent need for controlling antibiotic usage in veterinary and human medicine to protect public health.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
49
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials considers good quality, novel and international research of more than regional relevance. Research must include epidemiological and/or clinical information about isolates, and the journal covers the clinical microbiology of bacteria, viruses and fungi, as well as antimicrobial treatment of infectious diseases. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials is an open access, peer-reviewed journal focusing on information concerning clinical microbiology, infectious diseases and antimicrobials. The management of infectious disease is dependent on correct diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial treatment, and with this in mind, the journal aims to improve the communication between laboratory and clinical science in the field of clinical microbiology and antimicrobial treatment. Furthermore, the journal has no restrictions on space or access; this ensures that the journal can reach the widest possible audience.
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