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引用次数: 0
摘要
鲑鱼养殖场的海虱(Lepeophtheirus salmonis)侵扰是否以及在多大程度上影响野生大西洋鲑鱼的生存,这个问题一直受到科学界的争论和政治界的争议。记录海虱对野生鲑鱼的种群水平影响本身仍具有挑战性。我们利用挪威全面的海虱数据和休闲渔获量数据,评估养殖场海虱侵扰对不同产区(PA)野生鲑鱼渔获量的影响。我们的分析发现,野生大西洋鲑鱼产量的下降与每平方公里成年雌性海虱数量的增加之间存在明显的相关性。这种影响在挪威西海岸的第4生产区最为明显,该地区属于政府的 "红绿灯 "管理系统范围,在这里,外迁的大马哈鱼幼鱼被认为面临着由虱子引起的高死亡风险。根据我们的模型预测,在某些产区,当海虱总量超过平均每条养殖鱼0.1只成年雌性海虱的上限时,渔获量将低于平均水平。此外,我们的结果表明,当鲑鱼养殖场超过这一限制时,低于平均渔获量的风险会增加约 47%(估计风险比为 1.47,95% CI [1.10, 1.96])。综述与应用:我们的研究扩展了现有的证据体系,这些证据表明鱼类养殖与野生鲑鱼种群提供的生态系统服务之间存在负相关。这对水产养殖管理具有重要意义。首先,它表明养殖场海虱直接影响到依赖野生鲑鱼种群生存的人民、权利人和利益集团,如土地所有者和垂钓者。其次,研究表明,0.1 的海虱限制可能不足以防止某些地区的渔获量低于标准。此外,在允许养殖鲑鱼生物量进一步增长的背景下,为整个产区设定绝对海虱限额可能比为每条养殖鱼设定平均海虱限额更有效。我们的研究结果有助于为在养殖场和区域范围内设定适当的虱子限额提供科学依据。
期刊介绍:
Journal of Applied Ecology publishes novel, high-impact papers on the interface between ecological science and the management of biological resources.The editors encourage contributions that use applied ecological problems to test and develop basic theory, although there must be clear potential for impact on the management of the environment.