北海港湾鼠海豚胃中首次发现极度濒危物种欧洲鲟的记录

IF 2.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Endangered Species Research Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI:10.3354/esr01342

Eileen Heße, Jörn Gessner, Ursula Siebert, Anita Gilles

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引用次数: 0

摘要

ABSTRACT: 欧洲鲟 Acipenser sturio 过去曾引起巨大的商业利益。如今，它被视为极度濒危物种，在欧洲仅存一个种群。为履行国家保护战略并保护生物多样性，德国已将欧洲鲟释放到其以前的栖息地（易北河及其支流），作为恢复种群的实验措施的一部分。然而，人们对欧洲鲟的生物学特性、生命阶段对威胁的敏感性或在其原栖息地内的营养相互作用知之甚少。在此，我们首次报告了已知的港湾鼠海豚（Phocoena phocoena）对重新引入的中华鲟的捕食，并从中华鲟保护的角度讨论了捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用。对搁浅的港湾鼠海豚的胃内容物分析显示，2头成年港湾鼠海豚（1.23%）的胃中有欧洲鲟的残骸（鳞片；改良的鳞片）。根据背侧鳞片形态计量学，摄入鲟鱼的平均±标度反向计算长度分别为 26.11 ± 1.90 厘米和 26.49 ± 1.93 厘米。迄今为止，北海尚未记录到鲟鱼与港湾鼠海豚之间捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用。未来对欧洲鲟放流地点栖息地重叠的水生顶级掠食者的饮食进行跨国界研究，将揭示可能的保护问题、物种特定管理利益的冲突以及欧洲鲟再引入的成功。

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First record of a Critically Endangered species, European sturgeon, in the stomach of harbor porpoises from the North Sea

ABSTRACT: The European sturgeon Acipenser sturio has been of substantial commercial interest in the past. Today it is considered Critically Endangered, with only one remaining population in Europe. Fulfilling national conservation strategies and aiming for the conservation of biological diversity, Germany has released European sturgeons into their former habitats (Elbe River and its tributaries) as part of experimental measures to restore the population. However, little is known about their biology, sensitivity of life-stages to threats or trophic interactions within their former habitats. Here, we report on the first known predation of reintroduced sturgeons by harbor porpoises Phocoena phocoena and discuss predator-prey interactions in the light of sturgeon conservation. Stomach content analysis on stranded harbor porpoises revealed remains (scutes; modified ganoid scales) of European sturgeon in stomachs of 2 adult harbor porpoises (1.23%). Mean ± SD back-calculated lengths of ingested sturgeons were 26.11 ± 1.90 and 26.49 ± 1.93 cm, respectively, based on dorsal scute morphometrics. To date, no predator-prey interactions between sturgeons and harbor porpoises have been recorded in the North Sea. Future research into the diet of aquatic top predators with overlapping habitats at stocking sites of European sturgeons, transcending national boundaries, will uncover possible conservation concerns, conflicts of species-specific management interests and reintroduction success of European sturgeons.

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来源期刊

Endangered Species Research BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.50%

发文量

审稿时长

31 weeks

期刊介绍： ESR is international and interdisciplinary. It covers all endangered forms of life on Earth, the threats faced by species and their habitats and the necessary steps that must be undertaken to ensure their conservation. ESR publishes high quality contributions reporting research on all species (and habitats) of conservation concern, whether they be classified as Near Threatened or Threatened (Endangered or Vulnerable) by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) or highlighted as part of national or regional conservation strategies. Submissions on all aspects of conservation science are welcome.