昆虫高效选育用于食品和饲料的未铺平道路

Laura Skrubbeltrang Hansen, Stine Frey Laursen, Simon Bahrndorff, Jesper Givskov Sørensen, Goutam Sahana, Torsten Nygaard Kristensen, Hanne Marie Nielsen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

用于食品和饲料的昆虫生产为确保食品安全和应对未来农业对气候和环境的不利影响提供了一种前景广阔的补充方式。然而,要充分发挥昆虫生产的潜力,还需要对其进行优化。这可以通过选择性育种有针对性地改良感兴趣的性状来实现,而迄今为止,这种方法在昆虫养殖业中还未得到充分探索和利用。在此,我们对昆虫生产中的选择性育种框架进行了全面回顾。我们系统地评估了昆虫领域对选择性育种技术的调整,并强调了育种过程中不可或缺的重要组成部分。讨论涵盖了常规育种计划的每一个步骤,如育种目标的制定、表型鉴定、遗传参数和育种值的估算、适当育种策略的选择,以及与遗传多样性枯竭和近亲繁殖相关问题的缓解。这篇综述结合了不同学科的知识,在动物育种学、定量遗传学、进化生物学和昆虫学之间架起了一座桥梁,提供了昆虫育种研究领域的综合视角,并将以往分散在不同专业领域的知识整合在一起。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The unpaved road towards efficient selective breeding in insects for food and feed
Insect production for food and feed presents a promising supplement to ensure food safety and address the adverse impacts of agriculture on climate and environment in the future. However, optimisation is required for insect production to realise its full potential. This can be by targeted improvement of traits of interest through selective breeding, an approach which has so far been underexplored and underutilised in insect farming. Here we present a comprehensive review of the selective breeding framework in the context of insect production. We systematically evaluate adjustments of selective breeding techniques to the realm of insects and highlight the essential components integral to the breeding process. The discussion covers every step of a conventional breeding scheme, such as formulation of breeding objectives, phenotyping, estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values, selection of appropriate breeding strategies, and mitigation of issues associated with genetic diversity depletion and inbreeding. This review combines knowledge from diverse disciplines, bridging the gap between animal breeding, quantitative genetics, evolutionary biology, and entomology, offering an integrated view of the insect breeding research area and uniting knowledge which has previously remained scattered across diverse fields of expertise.
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