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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文以新的实地数据为基础,分析了三种匀方言中亲属关系术语的变化,这些变化是通过文化和语言接触产生的。我们研究了两种可能的变化来源。首先,亲属关系术语与生存方式相适应,例如,狩猎和采集文化喜欢使用一种亲属关系,而放牧文化则喜欢使用其他类型的亲属关系系统,由此推论,生存类型的变化会导致亲属关系术语的变化。第二,语言和文化趋同,在多语言群体中,要么一个群体将其术语适应于占主导地位的群体的系统,要么在对称的多语言情况下,两个群体都改变其亲属系统以适应对方。我们认为,在本文调查的 Even 社区中,文化和语言这两种原因都在起作用。
Even Kinship Terminology, Society and Language Contact
The paper analyses on the basis of new fielddata the transformations of kinship terminologies in three Even dialects which have come about through cultural and linguistic contacts. We investigate two possible sources of change. First, the adaptation of kinship terminology to the ways of subsistence, such that, e.g., hunting and gathering cultures preferably use one, while herding cultures prefer other types of kinship systems, with the corollary that shifts in subsistence type can lead to shifts in the kinship terminology. Second, linguistic and cultural convergence, whereby in multilingual groups either one group adapts its terminology to the system of the dominant group or, in the situation of symmetrical multilingualism, both groups change their kinship systems to accommodate to each other. We argue that both causes, the cultural and the linguistic ones, are at work in the Even communities investigated in the paper.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Language Contact (JLC) is a peer-reviewed open access journal. It focuses on the study of language contact, language use and language change in accordance with a view of language contact whereby both empirical data (the precise description of languages and how they are used) and the resulting theoretical elaborations (hence the statement and analysis of new problems) become the primary engines for advancing our understanding of the nature of language. This involves linguistic, anthropological, historical, and cognitive factors. Such an approach makes a major new contribution to understanding language change at a time when there is a notable increase of interest and activity in this field. The Journal of Language Contact accepts articles in English and French.