Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy on Early Laryngeal Cancers.

Background/aim: Treatments for early laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) include radiotherapy (RT), chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and larynx-preserving surgery. In this study, early laryngeal SCC was treated with RT in patients with stage I (T1N0) tumors and with CRT and docetaxel (DOC) in patients with stage II (T2N0) tumors and the treatment results and effectiveness of the chemotherapy were compared.

Patients and methods: A total of 78 patients with early-stage laryngeal SCC were enrolled in this study. The T1N0 patients received radiation for the primary lesions as outpatients at a total dose of 63-70 Gy. By contrast, the T2N0 patients were hospitalized and treated with CRT, receiving a total radiation dose of 66-70 Gy. Docetaxel (DOC, 10 mg/m²) was administered intravenously once a week for 6-8 consecutive weeks concurrently with radiotherapy. The adverse events and survival rates with local control rates were examined.

Results: The number of non-glottic T2N0 patients was significantly higher than that of T1N0 patients. Although all patients completed their treatment schedule, significantly more grade 3 adverse events were observed in the T2N0 patients, in particular mucositis and dermatitis, than in T1N0 patients. The 5-year overall survival rate, disease specific survival rate, local control rate, and laryngeal preserve rate of the T1N0 and T2N0 patients were 86.1, 93.3, 88.6, and 94.3% and 85.9, 88.0, 93.1, and 93.1%, respectively.

Conclusion: CRT with docetaxel showed the best therapeutic outcomes for the treatment of laryngeal SCC in patients with T2N0 tumours, with a higher local control rate, effective laryngeal preservation, and relatively few adverse events.