利用自适应空间加权法新定义捷克农田中潜在有毒元素的当地基准值

IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Jan Skála , Tomáš Matys Grygar , Alla Achasova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

探索性数据分析通常用于地球科学研究,以确定数据集中的各种数据群体。通常情况下,统计中心和分布的分布度量被结合起来,以界定表土中潜在有毒元素含量的正常(本底)范围。如果缩小地理范围,调查区域就会变得过于分散,无法对单一背景范围进行统计定义。传统的解决方案是采用域方法,将各种数据群(及其统计参数)归因于背景(地质、生态)信息。然而,将来自大面积区域的整个数据集归纳为一个单一的统计实体将提供过多的数据缩减,从而降低检测局部人为污染的灵敏度,并在空间上大于污染的地质异常区域产生误差。在本文中,我们测试了一种新颖的数值解决方案,即通过空间有限滑动窗口结合地理加权得出局部分布基线值。考虑到每个分析土壤样本点的环境变量(土壤和地形属性),我们扩展了只考虑空间维度(由地理坐标给出)的地理核加权方法。高级版本结合了两种相似性模式,将最高权重分配给用户定义的移动核内预计具有相似环境背景的最近点。该方法用于捷克农业土壤高密度监测数据的数据挖掘,首先必须对这些数据进行回归,以实现监测中使用的两种不同提取方法(特别是冷稀释硝酸和热王水)之间的分析协调。经过可靠的协调后,我们采用建议的双加权核方法将本地基线值作为本地变异的外部界限。我们将 10 种潜在有毒元素(As、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、V 和 Zn)的本地化本底范围估算值与基于传统基底域方法和单一全国性立法阈值的估算值进行了比较。通过比较,还有效地发现了某些地质单元的不恰当聚合。最后,内核方法提供了对表土地球化学微妙区域变化敏感的区域变异性外部界限。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Novel definition of local baseline values for potentially toxic elements in Czech farmland using adaptive spatial weighting

Novel definition of local baseline values for potentially toxic elements in Czech farmland using adaptive spatial weighting

Exploratory data analysis is commonly used in geoscientific research to identify various data populations within datasets. Frequently, the distribution-wise metrics for the statistical centre and spread are combined to define normal (background) ranges of topsoil contents of potentially toxic elements. When decreasing the geographical scale, the survey areas turn too heterogeneous for the statistical definition of a single background range. The traditional solution is the domain approach wherein various data populations (and their statistical parameters) can be attributed to contextual (geological, ecological) information. Nevertheless, summarising the entire data set from large areas as a single statistical entity would provide too much data reduction which would decrease sensitivity of detecting localised anthropogenic contamination and work wrong in areas of geogenic anomalies spatially larger than contamination. In this paper, we tested a novel numerical solution for deriving local distribution-wise baseline values via spatially limited sliding window combined with geographical weighting. Considering environmental variables (soil and topographical properties) at every analysed soil sample point, we extended the geographical kernel weighting approach which considers only spatial dimension (given by geographical coordinates). The advanced version combines two similarity modes to assign highest weights to the nearest points expected to share similar environmental contexts within the user-defined moving kernel. The method was implemented for data-mining in the Czech high-density monitoring data for agricultural soils which had to be firstly regressed to achieve analytical harmony between two distinct extraction methods employed in that monitoring, in particular cold diluted nitric acid and hot aqua regia. After the reliable harmonisation, local baseline values were delivered as the localised outer limits of variation using the proposed double-weighted kernel approach. We compared the estimated localised background ranges for 10 potentially toxic elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) with those based on the conventional substrate-wise domain approach and single nationwide legislation thresholds. The comparison was also efficient in identifying an inappropriate aggregation of some geological units. Finally, the kernel approach delivered regional outer limits of variability sensitive to subtle regional variations of topsoil geochemistry.

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来源期刊
Applied Geochemistry
Applied Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
8.80%
发文量
272
审稿时长
65 days
期刊介绍: Applied Geochemistry is an international journal devoted to publication of original research papers, rapid research communications and selected review papers in geochemistry and urban geochemistry which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavour, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal and the search for resources. Papers on applications of inorganic, organic and isotope geochemistry and geochemical processes are therefore welcome provided they meet the main criterion. Spatial and temporal monitoring case studies are only of interest to our international readership if they present new ideas of broad application. Topics covered include: (1) Environmental geochemistry (including natural and anthropogenic aspects, and protection and remediation strategies); (2) Hydrogeochemistry (surface and groundwater); (3) Medical (urban) geochemistry; (4) The search for energy resources (in particular unconventional oil and gas or emerging metal resources); (5) Energy exploitation (in particular geothermal energy and CCS); (6) Upgrading of energy and mineral resources where there is a direct geochemical application; and (7) Waste disposal, including nuclear waste disposal.
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