问答:估算撒哈拉以南非洲地区遗传增益的方法,实现更好的增益。

IF 3.9 2区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Plant Genome Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1002/tpg2.20471
Ibnou Dieng, Brian Gardunia, Giovanny Covarrubias-Pazaran, Dorcus C Gemenet, Bodo Trognitz, Sam Ofodile, Kayode Fowobaje, Solomon Ntukidem, Trushar Shah, Simon Imoro, Leena Tripathi, Hapson Mushoriwa, Ruth Mbabazi, Stella Salvo, John Derera
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引用次数: 0

摘要

定期测量已实现的遗传增益可使植物育种者评估和审查其策略的有效性,有效分配资源,并在整个育种过程中做出明智的决策。要估算实现的遗传增益,需要在历史多环境试验数据上使用线性混合模型(LMM)将遗传趋势与非遗传趋势分开。线性混合模型考虑了年份效应、试验设计和异质性残差,可估算出基因型的最佳线性无偏估计值,并将其与原产年份进行回归。通过分析西非新鲜木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)产量的历史数据,提供了一个估算实现遗传增益的示例(https://github.com/Biometrics-IITA/Estimating-Realized-Genetic-Gain)。这种方法可作为适用于其他作物和地区的模式。育种计划的现代化对于最大限度地提高基因增殖率十分必要。这可以通过采用基因组学来实现,通过基因组选择和基因编辑来加快育种、准确选择和改良性状。跟踪运营成本、建立健全的数字化数据管理和分析系统,以及根据客户洞察力制定有效的品种选育流程,也是成功的关键。育种计划和机构的能力建设与合作在加快遗传增益方面也发挥着重要作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Q&A: Methods for estimating genetic gain in sub-Saharan Africa and achieving improved gains.

Regular measurement of realized genetic gain allows plant breeders to assess and review the effectiveness of their strategies, allocate resources efficiently, and make informed decisions throughout the breeding process. Realized genetic gain estimation requires separating genetic trends from nongenetic trends using the linear mixed model (LMM) on historical multi-environment trial data. The LMM, accounting for the year effect, experimental designs, and heterogeneous residual variances, estimates best linear unbiased estimators of genotypes and regresses them on their years of origin. An illustrative example of estimating realized genetic gain was provided by analyzing historical data on fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) yield in West Africa (https://github.com/Biometrics-IITA/Estimating-Realized-Genetic-Gain). This approach can serve as a model applicable to other crops and regions. Modernization of breeding programs is necessary to maximize the rate of genetic gain. This can be achieved by adopting genomics to enable faster breeding, accurate selection, and improved traits through genomic selection and gene editing. Tracking operational costs, establishing robust, digitalized data management and analytics systems, and developing effective varietal selection processes based on customer insights are also crucial for success. Capacity building and collaboration of breeding programs and institutions also play a significant role in accelerating genetic gains.

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来源期刊
Plant Genome
Plant Genome PLANT SCIENCES-GENETICS & HEREDITY
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
4.80%
发文量
93
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Plant Genome publishes original research investigating all aspects of plant genomics. Technical breakthroughs reporting improvements in the efficiency and speed of acquiring and interpreting plant genomics data are welcome. The editorial board gives preference to novel reports that use innovative genomic applications that advance our understanding of plant biology that may have applications to crop improvement. The journal also publishes invited review articles and perspectives that offer insight and commentary on recent advances in genomics and their potential for agronomic improvement.
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