Regional Variation in Financial Hardship Among US Veterans During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Geographic variation in hardship, especially health-related hardship, was identified prior to and during the pandemic, but we do not know whether this variation is consistent among Veterans Health Administration (VHA)-enrolled Veterans, who reported markedly high rates of financial hardship during the pandemic, despite general and Veteran-specific federal policy efforts aimed at reducing hardship. In a nationwide, regionally stratified sample of VHA-enrolled Veterans, we examined whether the prevalence of financial hardship during the pandemic varied by Census region. We found Veterans in the South, compared to those in other Census regions, reported higher rates of severe-to-extreme financial strain, using up all or most of their savings, being unable to pay for necessities, being contacted by collections, and changing their employment due to the kind of work they could perform. Regional variation in Veteran financial hardship demonstrates a need for further research about the role and interaction of federal- and state- financial assistance policies in shaping risks for financial hardship as well as potential opportunities to mitigate risks among Veterans and reduce variation across regions.