美国艾滋病毒感染者接种 SARS-COV-2 疫苗和犹豫接种的流行率及其相关因素

Matthew A. Spinelli, Mallory O Johnson, Nadra E. Lisha, Jennifer P. Jain, Carlos V. Moreira, David V. Glidden, G. Burkholder, Heidi M Crane, Jeffrey M Jacobson, E. Cachay, Kenneth H. Mayer, S. Napravnik, Richard D. Moore, Monica Gandhi, K. Christopoulos
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摘要

艾滋病病毒感染者(PWH)的 COVID-19 死亡风险较高。接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗对 PWH 非常有效,但疫苗接种的犹豫不决可能会限制疫苗对人群的影响。 从 2021 年 2 月至 2022 年 4 月,艾滋病研究中心综合临床系统网络 (CNICS) 8 个站点的艾滋病感染者在常规护理过程中填写了一份疫苗犹豫不决问卷。 如果参与者没有接种过 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗,并且可能/肯定不会接种,则被定义为疫苗犹豫不决者。我们使用逻辑回归评估了与 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种犹豫不决相关的因素,并对人口统计学、未抑制病毒载量(VL>200 拷贝/毫升)、月份和接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的时间进行了调整,同时使用反概率加权法对未回复的调查进行了调整。 总体而言,共纳入了 3288 名年龄中位数为 55 岁的感染者;其中 18% 为女性,94% 的感染者病毒载量得到抑制。在接受调查时,27% 的人表示没有接种过 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗,9%(n=279)的人表示对接种疫苗犹豫不决。与疫苗接种犹豫相关的因素包括:女性(调整比值比 [AOR]=2.3; 95% 置信区间 (CI) =1.6-3.2)、黑人与白人种族(AOR 1.7; 95% CI=1.2-2.4)、年龄较小(AOR 1.4; 95% CI=1.2-1.5)和未抑制 VL(AOR 1.9; 95% CI=1.3-3.0)。 总体而言,在 2/21-4/22 的访谈中,超过四分之一的 PWH 未接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗。据报告,约有 9% 的公共卫生人员对接种疫苗犹豫不决,女性、黑人、年轻公共卫生人员、VL 未得到抑制的公共卫生人员以及南部/中西部地区的公共卫生人员对接种疫苗犹豫不决的比例较高。随着大流行病的发展,需要继续努力解决威利恩人对接种 COVID-19 疫苗以及一般疫苗的担忧,因为未来可能会出现大流行病。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF SARS-COV-2 VACCINE UPTAKE AND HESITANCY AMONG PEOPLE WITH HIV ACROSS THE U.S.
People with HIV (PWH) have higher risk of COVID-19 mortality. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is highly effective among PWH, although vaccine hesitancy could limit the population-level impact. From 2/2021-4/2022, PWH from 8 sites in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) completed a vaccine hesitancy instrument as part of routine care. Participants were defined as vaccine hesitant if they had not received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and would probably/definitely not receive it. We assessed factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy using logistic regression adjusted for demographics, unsuppressed viral load (VL>200 copies/mL), month, and time on ART; using inverse probability weighting for survey non-response. Overall, 3,288 PWH with a median age of 55 were included; 18% were female and 94% were virally suppressed. At the time of survey, 27% reported they had not received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 9% (n=279) reported vaccine hesitancy. Factors associated with vaccine hesitancy included female sex (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.3; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.6-3.2), Black vs. White race (AOR 1.7; 95% CI=1.2-2.4), younger age (AOR 1.4; 95% CI=1.2-1.5), and unsuppressed VL (AOR 1.9; 95% CI=1.3-3.0). Overall, over one-quarter of PWH in this multisite cohort were unvaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 when interviewed 2/21-4/22. Vaccine hesitancy was reported by approximately 9% of PWH, and was higher among women, Black PWH, younger PWH, PWH with unsuppressed VL, and those in the South/Midwest. Renewed efforts are needed to address concerns of PWH about vaccinations against COVID-19 as the pandemic evolves, and vaccines in general, given the potential for future pandemics.
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