乌克兰战争条件下农业部门的发展问题

Сергій В. Козловський, Б. О. Гнідова, Владислав Скомаровський, Д. О. Мохар
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摘要

文章讨论了在乌克兰境内全面战争背景下农业生产领域出现的一系列问题。主要概述了战前农业部门的状况,强调了其作为国内经济发展动力的重要性。分析表明,农业部门的发展模式以原材料为基础,其特点是生产结构失衡,因此特别容易受到外部因素的影响。具体而言,研究了军事冲突对农业部门的影响,包括基础设施的损失、对小农场的负面影响、土地(包括农田)的占用、耕地的开采以及出口问题。特别注意分析了战争给农业部门造成的破坏和间接损失,以及恢复农业部门的需要。报告指出,在国内外投资者的帮助下,农业部门正在逐步恢复,并概述了有效利用投资资金的优先领域。制定了旨在克服战争期间和战后恢复阶段乌克兰农业部门主要问题的战略方针。事实证明,尽管乌克兰农业在 2 月 24 日之后面临重重困难
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ АГРАРНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ
The article discusses a range of problems arising in the agricultural production sphere in the context of full-scale war on the territory of Ukraine. Primarily, the state of the agricultural sector in the pre-war period was outlined, emphasizing its significance as a driving force in the development of the domestic economy. The analysis shows that the sector's development model was based on raw materials and was characterized by an imbalance in the production structure, which made it particularly vulnerable to external factors. Specifically, the impact of the military conflict on the agricultural sector is examined, including the loss of infrastructure, negative effects on small farms, the occupation of land, including agricultural land, mining of cultivated areas, and problems with exports. Special attention is given to analyzing the damages and indirect losses incurred by the sector due to the war, as well as the needs for its restoration. It is established that the agricultural sector is gradually recovering thanks to the help of domestic and foreign investors, and the priority areas for the effective use of investment funds are outlined. The strategic directions aimed at overcoming the main problems of the agricultural sector of Ukraine during the war and at the stage of post-war recovery are formulated. It has been proven that, despite the difficulties faced by the Ukrainian agricultural industry after February 24
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