Crack recognition and defect detection of assembly building constructions for intelligent construction

Vision-assisted surface defect detection technology is shallowly applied in crack identification of assembly building components, for this reason, the study proposes a crack identification and defect detection method for assembly building components oriented to intelligent construction. An image preprocessing algorithm is designed by improving bilateral filtering, on the basis of which an image classification model is constructed using the GhostNet algorithm, and the cracks are localized and measured using the 2D pixel positioning technique. Algorithm validation showed that the processed image denoising is better, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio of the image of the proposed algorithm is improved by 15.701 % and 2.395 %, respectively, compared to other algorithms. The F1 value of the proposed model after 50 training rounds increased by 20.970 % on average compared to other models, and the detection accuracy was as high as 0.990. The actual measurements of cracks in concrete wall panels revealed that the research-proposed method has better results compared to the traditional manual measurements, and is not subject to the limitations and interferences of factors such as manual experience, and it is more effective in the recognition of crack images. Overall, the detection method proposed by the study has high accuracy and small error, can meet the needs and standards of crack detection in assembly building components, and can intelligently locate the maximum length and width coordinates of the cracks, which is of high value in the application of crack detection in assembly building components.