学龄前儿童错牙合畸形及相关因素调查:横断面问卷调查研究

Amanda Araújo de Carvalho, Tatiana Frederico de Almeida, Maria Beatriz Barreto de Sousa Cabral, M. C. Cangussú
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项研究旨在描述学龄前儿童错牙合畸形的发生率,并找出相关因素。这项横断面研究于 2022-2023 年完成,包括萨尔瓦多市立学校中 26 至 80 个月大的 523 名儿童。研究人员对这些儿童进行了口腔检查,并由家长自行填写了一份调查问卷。研究进行了描述性分析和多变量逻辑回归(倒推法,p 值≤ 0.05,95% CI)。大部分儿童为女性(51.82%)、54个月以上(52.2%)、黑人或混血儿(90.63%)、未受COVID-19影响(92.35%)。错牙合畸形的患病率为 43.21%,其中最常见的是开牙合畸形。错牙合畸形与屏幕时间(OR:1.34;P:0.116;CI:1.0-1.94)、身体/心理攻击(OR:2.55;P:0.031;CI:1.0-5.98)、超加工食品消费(OR:2.55;P:0.031;CI:1.0-5.98)、咀嚼功能障碍(OR:1.34;P:0.116;CI:1.0-1.94)有明显关联。98)、食用超加工食品(OR:1.77;P:0.003;CI:1.22-2.57)、数字吸吮(OR:3.1;P:0.001;CI:1.56-6.16)和咬东西的习惯(OR:1.56;P:0.121;CI:1.0-2.73)。建议在幼儿期促进全面健康,并采取心理干预措施,旨在减少屏幕时间、攻击行为、食用超加工食品、吸吮拇指和咬东西的习惯,以预防错牙合畸形。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigation of Malocclusion and Associated Factors in Preschoolers: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
This study aims to describe the prevalence of malocclusion and identify associated factors in preschool children. Completed in 2022–2023, this cross-sectional study included 523 children aged 26 to 80 months in municipal schools in Salvador. An oral examination was carried out on the children, and a questionnaire was self-administered by the parents. Descriptive analyses and multivariate logistic regression (the backward method, p-value ≤ 0.05, 95% CI) were conducted. The majority of children were female (51.82%), over 54 months old (52.2%), Black or mixed race (90.63%), and not affected by COVID-19 (92.35%). The prevalence of malocclusion was 43.21%, with open bite as the most common condition. There was a significant association between malocclusion and screen time (OR: 1.34; p: 0.116; CI: 1.0–1.94), physical/psychological aggression (OR: 2.55; p: 0.031; CI: 1.0–5.98), consumption of ultra-processed foods (OR: 1.77; p: 0.003; CI: 1.22–2.57), digital suction (OR: 3.1; p: 0.001; CI: 1.56–6.16), and the habit of biting objects (OR: 1.56; p: 0.121; CI: 1.0–2.73). The promotion of comprehensive health in early childhood and psychosocial interventions are recommended, aiming to reduce screen time, aggression, consumption of ultra-processed foods, thumb sucking, and the habit of biting objects to prevent malocclusion.
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