生命周期中的时间利用、健康和幸福:性别分析

M. Matud, J. M. Bethencourt, M. J. D. del Pino, D. E. Hernández-Lorenzo, Demelsa Fortes, I. Ibáñez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管时间利用是人们最重要的资源之一,但社会力量和不平等现象决定了时间的利用方式。本研究旨在探讨从青春期到老年期在时间利用方面的性别差异,并分析时间利用与社会人口特征、女性和男性的健康和福祉之间的关联。这项横断面研究从西班牙 14 至 85 岁的普通人群中抽取了 5 700 名女性(54.2%)和男性(45.8%)。研究采用五种自我报告的方法对参与者进行了评估,包括时间利用、健康、精神症状、心理健康、生活满意度、社会支持以及男性/工具性和女性/表现性特征。结果显示,尽管在生命周期阶段和职业方面存在重要差异,但女性在家务劳动、照顾子女和照顾生病亲属方面花费的时间多于男性,而男性在享受活动和锻炼方面花费的时间多于女性。对女性而言,家务劳动时间越多,健康和幸福感越差,而对男性和女性而言,运动时间越多,健康和幸福感越好。结论是,性别与时间使用以及不同时间使用对健康和幸福的影响有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Time Use, Health, and Well-Being across the Life Cycle: A Gender Analysis
Although time use is one of people’s most important resources, there are social forces and inequalities that shape how time is used. The aim of this research is to examine gender differences in time use from adolescence to old age and to analyze the association of such use with sociodemographic characteristics and with women’s and men’s health and well-being. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 5700 women (54.2%) and men (45.8%) from the Spanish general population, aged 14 to 85 years. Participants were assessed using five self-reported measures of time use, health, mental symptoms, psychological well-being, life satisfaction, social support, and masculine/instrumental and feminine/expressive traits. The results showed that although there were important differences in life cycle stage and occupation, women spent more time than men on housework, childcare, and caring for sick relatives, while men spent more time than women on enjoying activities and exercise. More time spent on housework was associated with worse health and well-being for women and more exercise with better health and well-being for both genders. It is concluded that gender is relevant to time use and the impact of different uses of time on health and well-being.
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