Histopathological evaluation of ulcerative colitis induced by white vinegar in albino rats

The ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel illness which causes persistent inflammation of the colon's innermost layers. A prominent characteristic of ulcerative colitis (UC) is the stool's blood and mucous contents. This study determined to investigate the effects of white vinegar (WV) on colon tissues in rats. Two groups of twenty rats were created; the primary group was a control, healthy group, and the WV was administered to the second group at a dose of [1 ml/kg (5%)] via orally gavage for two weeks. Findings revealed the emergence of histopathological alterations like mucosal erosions, ulceration, loss of normal architecture, mucosal atrophy, and hemorrhage; numerous crypts have inflammatory cells that entered them, blood vessels are dilated and oedema, the serosa is destroyed, which demonstrates the devastation of the mucosal lining destruction with goblet cell hyperplasia, focal necrosis of epithelium with demolished connective tissues, accumulation of inflammatory cells in the mucosa, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa, as well as submucosal oedema when compared with the control rats. The PAS-reaction histochemical analysis showed that the treated rats had lower levels of carbohydrates than the control animals. The findings of the study demonstrated that white vinegar was a dangerous substance linked to histological alterations that resulted in acute ulcerative colitis when used daily for two weeks.