Clinical use of lasers and energy-based devices in selected skin diseases

Introduction and purpose In recent years, there has been notable progress in the role of light-emitting technologies, including lasers and other energy-based devices, across various medical disciplines. Dermatology stands out as one of the prominent fields where laser treatments have gained significant popularity. In the clinical setting, a variety of laser types are utilized. A fundamental aspect of ensuring the safe use of laser devices involves comprehending their mechanisms at the tissue level. This knowledge enables practitioners to attain the desired outcomes effectively while minimizing the risk of complications. Lasers have demonstrated effectiveness in treating cutaneous vascular conditions because of their capacity to selectively target intravascular oxyhemoglobin. Rosacea, juvenile hemangioma, and port wine stains are among the vascular skin conditions for which laser therapy has shown notable success. Laser therapy is employed in treating hypertrophic scars, keloids, and acne scars because it facilitates the restructuring of the skin's architecture at the scar site, with the goal of minimizing its size and visibility. Laser therapy stands as the gold standard for removing tattoos. Materials and methods The methodology for conducting literature search involved utilizing medical subject headings terms to explore PubMed. Search terms included: “lasers”, “intense pulsed light”, “dermatology”, “rosacea”, “acne”, “scars”, “tattoo removal”. Conclusions Laser dermatological treatments are gaining popularity worldwide, driving new innovations and clinical applications. This review highlights the significant role and diverse clinical applications of lasers and intense pulsed light in dermatological practice. Improving the quality of skin in patients suffering from skin diseases can significantly increase their quality of life.