为处于亚急性阶段的灾害制定和实施康复分流算法:2024 年能登半岛地震的经验

Shigehito Shiota, Naoya Orita, Yuma Tsubakita, Masaya Ichimoto, Noboru Shimada, Naoya Goto, Tomohiro Hirota, Shunsuke Taito, Kazuhiko Hirata, Yukio Mikami
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引用次数: 0

摘要

地震等灾害期间的早期康复是医疗队的一项重要职责,但往往被低估。开发用于评估疏散人员生活功能的简单工具和统一干预方法,都是灾难康复中亟待解决的问题。日本康复援助队(JRAT)是一个官方认可的组织,由 10 个子组织组成,是在东日本大地震后积累了重要的灾后康复经验后成立的。2024 年能登半岛地震后,我们广岛 JRAT 被派往轮岛市门前地区支援灾后重建。由于轮岛市门前地区尚未建立完善的灾后重建援助体系,医疗队向 JRAT 寻求指导,以根据疏散人员的生命机能进行分流。我们开发了一种康复分流算法,根据疏散人员能否完成三个简单动作(坐起、从地上站起、单腿站立)将其分为四个分流标签。在我们的分流算法中,无法坐起来被列为红色标签(在没有帮助的情况下在避难所生活有困难),无法从地上站起来被列为黄色标签(个人干预:安装床和扶手),单腿站立时间小于 2 秒被列为绿色标签(集体干预:安装马桶和浴缸扶手,使用助行器防止跌倒),单腿站立时间超过 2 秒被列为白色标签(独立完成日常活动能力)。我们与医疗小组合作,在 27 个疏散中心对 922 名疏散人员进行了分流,结果在 1 天内救出了 4 名红色疏散人员和 8 名黄色疏散人员。我们的康复分流系统有可能成为一种简单的评估工具,用于对灾民的生活功能进行分类,并将他们与适当的支持联系起来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Development and implementation of a rehabilitation triage algorithm for disasters in the subacute phase: an experience from the 2024 Noto peninsula earthquake
Early rehabilitation during disasters such as earthquakes is an important but often undervalued responsibility of medical teams. Both the development of simple tools for assessing the life functioning of evacuees and the standardization of intervention methods are urgent issues in disaster rehabilitation. The Japanese Rehabilitation Assistance Team (JRAT), an officially recognized organization consisting of 10 suborganisations, was established after gaining important experience with disaster rehabilitation in the aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake. We, the Hiroshima JRAT, were dispatched to the Monzen area of Wajima City to support disaster recovery after the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake. Since disaster rehabilitation assistance was not well established in the Monzen area of Wajima City, the medical team consulted JRAT for guidance on triaging evacuees based on their life functioning. We developed a rehabilitation triage algorithm that classifies evacuees into four triage tags based on their ability to perform three simple movements: sitting up, standing up from the floor, and one-leg standing. In our triage algorithm, an inability to sit up is classified as a red tag (difficulty living in a shelter without assistance), an inability to stand up from the floor is classified as a yellow tag (individual intervention: introduction of beds and handrails), one-leg standing for < 2 s is classified as a green tag (group intervention: installation of toilets and bath rails and use of walkers to prevent falls), and standing on one leg for more than 2 s is classified as a white tag (independent in ADLs). We worked with medical teams to triage 922 evacuees in 27 evacuation centers, resulting in the extraction of four red and eight yellow evacuees in 1 day. Our rehabilitation triage system has the potential to be a simple assessment tool for classifying the life functioning of disaster victims and linking them to appropriate supports.
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