研究使用聚乙烯醇水溶液获得的水凝胶和低温凝胶的流变特性

IF 0.4 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
 S. FUFAEVA M,  N. MANZHAY V,  S. KOZHEVNIKOV I
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了利用聚乙烯醇(PVA)的粘性水溶液生产低温凝胶和水凝胶的方法及其流变特性。冷冻聚乙烯醇水溶液,将其置于负温度下,然后在正温度下解冻,可形成弹性低温凝胶。单个聚乙烯醇分子通过化学交联形成空间网络的同时,水溶液也转变成了水凝胶。四硼酸钠和乙二醛用于聚合物溶液的结构化。经测定,这些试剂与聚合物官能团的相互作用会导致 "PVA-乙二醛-水 "和 "PVA-四硼酸钠-水 "三组分体系的粘度随时间而增加。研究了不同浓度下化学反应产物中凝胶形成的动力学。结果表明,在两种情况下(PVA-乙二醛和 PVA-四硼酸钠),所研究体系的粘度随着低分子试剂浓度的增加而增加。对在正温下形成的水凝胶进行额外的冻融循环,得到低温凝胶,并研究其流变特性。经测定,低温凝胶的弹性特性比水凝胶更为明显。由于水凝胶的弹性性能在低温暴露后会得到增强,因此水凝胶可用作瞬时凝胶形成系统,以防止危险化学品的侵蚀,并可用于制作水力结构中的防水屏障。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
STUDY OF THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROGELS AND CRYOGELS OBTAINED USING THE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL
The methods for producing cryogels and hydrogels from viscous aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and their rheological properties are considered. Freezing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, its exposure to negative temperature and subsequent thawing at a positive temperature lead to the formation of elastic cryogels. Chemical cross-linking of individual PVA molecules into spatial networks is accompanied by the transformation of aqueous solutions into hydrogels. Sodium tetraborate and glyoxal were used to structurise the polymer solutions. It has been determined that the interaction of these reagents with the functional groups of the polymer causes an increase in the viscosity of three-component systems “PVA - glyoxal - water” and “PVA - sodium tetraborate - water” with time. The kinetics of gel formation in the products of chemical reactions was investigated at different concentrations. It is shown that the viscosity of the studied systems increases with an increase in the concentrations of low-molecular reagents in both cases (PVA - glyoxal and PVA - sodium tetraborate). Hydrogels formed at a positive temperature were subjected to additional freezing-thawing cycle, cryogels were obtained, and their rheological properties were studied. The elastic properties of cryogels were determined to be more clearly pronounced than those of hydrogels. Hydrogels can be used as instantaneous gel-forming systems to protect from dangerous chemicals and to make waterproof barriers in hydraulic structures, as the elastic properties are enhanced after cryogenic exposure.
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来源期刊
Chemistry for Sustainable Development
Chemistry for Sustainable Development CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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25.00%
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