Evaluation of Some Physiological Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypertension and Non-Hypertension According to Body Mass Index

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels caused by decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin, inadequate insulin synthesis, or a combination of both factors. Insulin Resistance (IR)  enhances the liberation of unbound fatty acids from adipocytes, resulting in elevated levels of circulating unbound fatty acids. The aim of this study is to evaluate some biochemical parameters in the sera of T2DM and compared between T2DM patients with and without hypertension. Material and method: 60 T2DM patients participated in the current study; these patients were split into two groups, 30 T2DM with HP and 30 T2DM without HP. Patient samples were obtained at the Diabetes Research Centre Al-Mustansiriyah University in Baghdad, Iraq, between January and April of 2021. the two study groups in comparison with thirty healthy control subjects. Results: results obtained from this study showed that there is a significant difference in ( Age, BMI, WHR, FBS, HbA1c, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, Cortisol), while there is non-significant difference in urea and creatinine between patients without HP and control, in the other hand,  there is a significant difference in all parameters determined in this study between T2DM with HP and control. Last but not least, there is a significant difference in WHR, FBS, urea, creatinine , C-Peptide, HOMA-IR and cortisol and there is non-significant difference in the other parameters determined in the study. Conclusion: From the results obtained in this work, it is concluded that the relationship between T2DM and HP is proportional, patients with PH shows higher WHR and FBS and that’s back to the higher body fats, urea and creatinine is significantly increased in patients with HP because of the impair damage in the kidney do to the high pressure, there is direct relationship between age and T2DM infection, the BMI and WHR is one of the most effected risk factors for the injury of T2DM. lipid profile parameters is associated with T2DM because the elevation in the body fat will raise the BMI and WHR and cause insulin resistance that leads to T2DM, renal function parameters will be raise as a response for the damage that effect the nephrons of the kidney, level of C-peptide increased due to the body’s try to keep the level of glucose in the normal range and HOMA-IR is increased because of the insulin resistance occurs in the body . last conclusion is that the level of cortisol is effected by some of inhibitory drugs so it is drop down to a low levels. More studies should be done in this subject to improve the outcomes and find new ways to control and have a good way to diagnose T2DM .