元基因组学分析产生了具有聚合物降解潜力的原核厌氧菌的组装基因组。

IF 2.5 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Elaina M Blair, Jennifer L Brown, Dong Li, Patricia A Holden, Michelle A O'Malley
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引用次数: 0

摘要

厌氧微生物群落通常具有很强的降解能力,例如食草动物瘤胃和大型厌氧消化器中的微生物群落。由于这些系统中的微生物群落会降解难降解的有机聚合物,我们推测厌氧环境中的一些微生物可能会参与人造塑料的结合、变形甚至分解。虽然人们一直在努力确定微生物群落的特征,但在充分培养微生物以产生足够的遗传物质来组装高质量的元基因组和参考基因组之前,许多微生物仍未确定。在这项研究中,对山羊粪便颗粒和厌氧消化污泥中的微生物群落进行了超过 6 周的培养,以便从具有潜在降解活性的新型厌氧类群中组装元基因组。为了选择具有潜在塑料降解能力的微生物,在培养过程中加入了塑料条,虽然塑料条的存在似乎并没有富集出降解能力特别强的菌群,但它确实选择出了新的物种,否则这些物种可能不会被鉴定出来。通过全基因组霰弹枪测序,完成度大于 90% 的 72 个原核生物元基因组组装基因组(MAGs)(10,000 bp)得以组装完成;其中 17 个 MAGs 被归类为新物种,因为它们与公开的基因组和 MAGs 缺乏相似性。这 72 个 MAGs 在预测的碳水化合物降解能力方面各不相同,预测编码少于 10 个或多达近 400 个碳水化合物活性酶的基因。总之,这种富集策略可以鉴定群落中含量较少的 MAGs,而且可以进一步挖掘这里鉴定出的 MAGs,以增进对降解厌氧微生物群落的了解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Metagenomics analysis yields assembled genomes from prokaryotic anaerobes with polymer-degrading potential.

Anaerobic microbial communities are often highly degradative, such as those found in the herbivore rumen and large-scale anaerobic digesters. Since the microbial communities in these systems degrade recalcitrant organic polymers, we hypothesize that some microbes in anaerobic environments may be involved in man-made plastic association, deformation, or even breakdown. While efforts have been put toward characterizing microbial communities, many microbes remain unidentified until they can be sufficiently cultivated to generate enough genetic material to assemble high-quality metagenome assemblies and reference genomes. In this study, microbial consortia from goat fecal pellets and anaerobic digester sludge were cultivated for over 6 weeks to assemble metagenomes from novel anaerobic taxa with potential degradative activity. To select for microbes with potential plastic-degrading abilities, plastic strips were included in culture, though the presence of plastic did not appear to enrich for particularly degradative consortia, yet it did select for novel species that otherwise may not have been characterized. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing enabled assembly of 72 prokaryotic metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with >90% completion, <5% contamination, and an N50 >10,000 bp; 17 of these MAGs are classified as novel species given their lack of similarity to publicly available genomes and MAGs. These 72 MAGs vary in predicted carbohydrate-degrading abilities, with genes predicted to encode fewer than 10 or up to nearly 400 carbohydrate-active enzymes. Overall, this enrichment strategy enables characterization of less abundant MAGs in a community, and the MAGs identified here can be further mined to advance understanding of degradative anaerobic microbial consortia.

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来源期刊
Biotechnology Progress
Biotechnology Progress 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
3.40%
发文量
83
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: Biotechnology Progress , an official, bimonthly publication of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and its technological community, the Society for Biological Engineering, features peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and descriptions of emerging techniques for the development and design of new processes, products, and devices for the biotechnology, biopharmaceutical and bioprocess industries. Widespread interest includes application of biological and engineering principles in fields such as applied cellular physiology and metabolic engineering, biocatalysis and bioreactor design, bioseparations and downstream processing, cell culture and tissue engineering, biosensors and process control, bioinformatics and systems biology, biomaterials and artificial organs, stem cell biology and genetics, and plant biology and food science. Manuscripts concerning the design of related processes, products, or devices are also encouraged. Four types of manuscripts are printed in the Journal: Research Papers, Topical or Review Papers, Letters to the Editor, and R & D Notes.
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