赞比亚卢萨卡地区肉鸡预防用抗生素的非处方销售和配药:研究结果及其对人类健康的影响。

IF 3.7 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance Pub Date : 2024-06-11 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI:10.1093/jacamr/dlae094
Steward Mudenda, Karen Mubanga Mulenga, Ruth Nyirongo, Billy Chabalenge, Chikwanda Chileshe, Victor Daka, Ethel M'kandawire, Elimas Jere, John Bwalya Muma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:人类和牲畜对抗生素的不合理使用导致了抗菌素耐药性(AMR)的出现。本研究调查了赞比亚卢萨卡区药房和农兽医商店人员为肉鸡预防而销售和配发的常用抗生素:这项横断面研究于 2023 年 8 月至 2023 年 10 月在赞比亚卢萨卡地区的 200 名兽药配药员中进行,采用了模拟农民或神秘顾客的方法。数据分析采用 IBM 社会科学统计软件包 23.0 版:在调查的 200 家药店中,23 家(11.5%)是农兽医商店,177 家(88.5%)是社区药店。卢萨卡地区共有 165 家社区药店和农兽医商店提供兽医服务,销售的药品无需处方,非处方药销售率为 100%。在 178 种预防药物中,88.5% 是抗生素,13.5% 是维生素。肉鸡预防用抗生素配药最多的是土霉素(30.34%)、阿莫西林(17.98%)和庆大霉素/多西环素(10.67%):这项研究显示,肉鸡预防用抗生素的销售和配给量很高,其中土霉素、阿莫西林和庆大霉素/多西环素是常见的配给药物。有必要加强对无处方销售抗生素的监管执法,因为这可能会导致家禽发生急性呼吸道感染,并可能将超级细菌传播给人类和环境。应向社区药房和农业兽医人员提供教育干预,让他们在配发家禽抗生素时遵守抗菌药物管理规范。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Non-prescription sale and dispensing of antibiotics for prophylaxis in broiler chickens in Lusaka District, Zambia: findings and implications on one health.

Background: The irrational use of antibiotics in humans and livestock has contributed to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study investigated the commonly sold and dispensed antibiotics for prophylaxis in broiler chickens in pharmacy and agro-veterinary shop personnel in the Lusaka District of Zambia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2023 to October 2023 among 200 veterinary medicine dispensers in the Lusaka District of Zambia using a simulated farmer or mystery shopper approach. Data analysis was performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0.

Results: Out of the 200 medicine outlets investigated, 23 (11.5%) were agro-veterinary shops, while 177 (88.5%) were community pharmacies. A total of 165 community pharmacies and agro-veterinary shops provided veterinary services in the Lusaka District and sold medicines without prescription giving a 100% non-prescription sale. Of the 178 medicines dispensed for prophylaxis, 88.5% were antibiotics, while 13.5% were vitamins. The most dispensed antibiotic drug for prophylaxis in broiler chickens was oxytetracycline (30.34%), amoxicillin (17.98%) and gentamicin/doxycycline (10.67%).

Conclusions: This study revealed a high sale and dispensing of antibiotics for prophylaxis in broiler chickens of which oxytetracycline, amoxicillin and gentamicin/doxycycline were commonly dispensed. There is a need for increased regulatory enforcement of selling antibiotics without a prescription as this may predispose poultry to the development of AMR and possible transmission of superbugs to humans and the environment. Educational interventions should be provided to community pharmacy and agro-veterinary personnel on adhering to antimicrobial stewardship practices when dispensing poultry antibiotics.

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