关于古人类学的科学可信度。

IF 4.6 2区 社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Brian Villmoare, William Kimbel
{"title":"关于古人类学的科学可信度。","authors":"Brian Villmoare,&nbsp;William Kimbel","doi":"10.1002/evan.22037","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Smith and Smith and Wood proposed that the human fossil record offers special challenges for causal hypotheses because “unique” adaptations resist the comparative method. We challenge their notions of “uniqueness” and offer a refutation of the idea that there is something epistemologically special about human prehistoric data. Although paleontological data may be sparse, there is nothing inherent about this information that prevents its use in the inductive or deductive process, nor in the generation and testing of scientific hypotheses. The imprecision of the fossil record is well-understood, and such imprecision is often factored into hypotheses and methods. While we acknowledge some oversteps within the discipline, we also note that the history of paleoanthropology is clearly one of progress, with ideas tested and resolution added as data (fossils) are uncovered and new technologies applied, much like in sciences as diverse as astronomy, molecular genetics, and geology.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.22037","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"On the scientific credibility of paleoanthropology\",\"authors\":\"Brian Villmoare,&nbsp;William Kimbel\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/evan.22037\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Smith and Smith and Wood proposed that the human fossil record offers special challenges for causal hypotheses because “unique” adaptations resist the comparative method. We challenge their notions of “uniqueness” and offer a refutation of the idea that there is something epistemologically special about human prehistoric data. Although paleontological data may be sparse, there is nothing inherent about this information that prevents its use in the inductive or deductive process, nor in the generation and testing of scientific hypotheses. The imprecision of the fossil record is well-understood, and such imprecision is often factored into hypotheses and methods. While we acknowledge some oversteps within the discipline, we also note that the history of paleoanthropology is clearly one of progress, with ideas tested and resolution added as data (fossils) are uncovered and new technologies applied, much like in sciences as diverse as astronomy, molecular genetics, and geology.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47849,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Evolutionary Anthropology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.22037\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Evolutionary Anthropology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"90\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/evan.22037\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ANTHROPOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Evolutionary Anthropology","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/evan.22037","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

史密斯、史密斯和伍德提出,人类化石记录为因果假说提供了特殊的挑战,因为 "独特的 "适应性抵制了比较方法。我们对他们的 "独特性 "概念提出质疑,并驳斥了人类史前数据在认识论上具有特殊性的观点。虽然古生物学数据可能很稀少,但这些信息本身并不妨碍在归纳或演绎过程中使用,也不妨碍科学假设的产生和检验。化石记录的不精确性是众所周知的,而这种不精确性也经常被纳入假设和方法中。虽然我们承认该学科内部存在一些失误,但我们也注意到古人类学的历史显然是一个不断进步的历史,随着数据(化石)的发掘和新技术的应用,各种观点不断得到验证,决议也不断得到补充,这与天文学、分子遗传学和地质学等不同科学领域的情况十分相似。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
On the scientific credibility of paleoanthropology

Smith and Smith and Wood proposed that the human fossil record offers special challenges for causal hypotheses because “unique” adaptations resist the comparative method. We challenge their notions of “uniqueness” and offer a refutation of the idea that there is something epistemologically special about human prehistoric data. Although paleontological data may be sparse, there is nothing inherent about this information that prevents its use in the inductive or deductive process, nor in the generation and testing of scientific hypotheses. The imprecision of the fossil record is well-understood, and such imprecision is often factored into hypotheses and methods. While we acknowledge some oversteps within the discipline, we also note that the history of paleoanthropology is clearly one of progress, with ideas tested and resolution added as data (fossils) are uncovered and new technologies applied, much like in sciences as diverse as astronomy, molecular genetics, and geology.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
5.40%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Anthropology is an authoritative review journal that focuses on issues of current interest in biological anthropology, paleoanthropology, archaeology, functional morphology, social biology, and bone biology — including dentition and osteology — as well as human biology, genetics, and ecology. In addition to lively, well-illustrated articles reviewing contemporary research efforts, this journal also publishes general news of relevant developments in the scientific, social, or political arenas. Reviews of noteworthy new books are also included, as are letters to the editor and listings of various conferences. The journal provides a valuable source of current information for classroom teaching and research activities in evolutionary anthropology.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信