1973 年石油危机:半个世纪后的回顾

A. I. Yakovlev
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摘要

文章探讨了 1973 年全球石油危机的先决条件和后果。文章不仅分析了促使阿拉伯石油输出国使用 "石油武器 "的政治原因(悬而未决的中东冲突和巴勒斯坦问题),还分析了西方经济中的危机现象。不仅是阿拉伯国家,西方国家(尤其是美国)支持的强大石油公司也希望改变现状。对西方国家来说,石油危机在短期内造成了困难和问题,但从长远来看,它却成为了一种催化剂,加速了西方经济和全球金融体系的结构和技术变革。石油危机使阿拉伯东部的石油生产国大幅提高了国家收入水平,为加快社会经济发展提供了机会,同时也提高了这些国家和欧佩克在国际关系中的权威。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The 1973 Oil Crisis: a Look after half a Century
The article examines the prerequisites and consequences of the global oil crisis of 1973. It analyzes not only the political reasons that prompted the Arab oil exporting countries to use the “oil weapon” (the unresolved Middle East conflict and the Palestinian problem), but also the crisis phenomena in the Western economy. Not only Arab countries, but also powerful oil companies, backed by Western countries, especially the United States, were interested in change. For the West, the oil crisis caused difficulties and problems in the short term, but in the long term it turned out to be a catalyst that accelerated structural and technological changes in the Western economy and in the global financial system. The oil crisis allowed the oil-producing countries of the Arab East to sharply increase the level of state income, which opened up opportunities for accelerated socio-economic development, and also increased the authority of these countries and OPEC in international relations.
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