探索痴呆症的调控格局:非编码 RNA 的启示

Jung-min Kim, Woo Ryung Kim, Eun Gyung Park, Duhyung Lee, Yun Ju Lee, Hae Jin Shin, Hyeon-su Jeong, Hyun-Young Roh, Heui-Soo Kim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

痴呆症是一种以认知功能衰退为特征的多发性神经综合征,给日常生活带来了巨大挑战。痴呆症的主要病因包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)、额颞叶痴呆(FTD)、路易体痴呆(LBD)和血管性痴呆(VD),它们的症状和病因各不相同。遗传调节因子,特别是非编码 RNA(ncRNA),如 microRNA(miRNA)、长非编码 RNA(lncRNA)和环状 RNA(circRNA),在痴呆症发病机制中发挥着重要作用。miRNA是一种小型非编码RNA,通过与目标信使RNA(mRNA)的3′非翻译区结合来调节基因表达,而lncRNA和circRNA则充当miRNA的分子海绵,从而调节基因表达。新出现的竞争性内源性 RNA(ceRNA)相互作用概念,涉及作为 miRNA 结合竞争者的 lncRNA 和 circRNA,已作为痴呆相关疾病的潜在生物标记物和治疗靶点而受到关注。这篇综述探讨了 ncRNA(尤其是 miRNA)的调控作用以及 ceRNA 相互作用的复杂动态,为痴呆症的发病机制和潜在治疗途径提供了见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring the Regulatory Landscape of Dementia: Insights from Non-Coding RNAs
Dementia, a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by cognitive decline, poses significant challenges to daily functioning. The main causes of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and vascular dementia (VD), have different symptoms and etiologies. Genetic regulators, specifically non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are known to play important roles in dementia pathogenesis. MiRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression by binding to the 3′ untranslated regions of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), while lncRNAs and circRNAs act as molecular sponges for miRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. The emerging concept of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions, involving lncRNAs and circRNAs as competitors for miRNA binding, has gained attention as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in dementia-related disorders. This review explores the regulatory roles of ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs, and the intricate dynamics of ceRNA interactions, providing insights into dementia pathogenesis and potential therapeutic avenues.
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