铁岛:亚马逊东部铁洞对蝙蝠保护的重要性

IF 1.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Austral Ecology Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI:10.1111/aec.13550
Dayana Ferreira Torres, Maria Elina Bichuette
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引用次数: 0

摘要

卡拉哈斯(Carajás)地区是巴西铁质洞穴数量最多的地方,但将生物多样性和地貌特征结合起来的研究却很少。我们介绍了第一项基于蝙蝠洞穴脆弱性指数(BCVI)的研究,该指数将蝙蝠作为南美洲洞穴优先考虑的关键物种,其目的是评估卡拉哈斯地区洞穴的生物潜力和脆弱性,确定优先地点和最有效的保护措施。这项研究于 2021 年 8 月至 2023 年 3 月进行,对 12 个洞穴的蝙蝠群进行了清点。我们记录了 16 种蝙蝠,其中两种濒临灭绝--Furipterus horrens(Cuvier,1828 年)和 Natalus macrourus(Gervais,1856 年)--两种亚马逊地区特有的蝙蝠--Hsunycteris aff.采矿是该地区主要的人为活动,但旅游业也存在,并可能对洞穴造成干扰。BCVI 显示,有 3 个洞穴需要高度优先保护,4 个洞穴需要中度优先保护,这表明这些栖息地由于受到人为活动的影响和栖息地的破坏,很容易出现物种减少和数量下降的情况,因此需要采取更有效的保护策略。考虑到地下栖息地的独特性,我们建议重新评估扩大采矿活动的建议,实施有控制的游客参观计划,并开展生态研究和长期监测。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Iron Islands: The importance of iron caves in the eastern Amazon for bat conservation

Iron Islands: The importance of iron caves in the eastern Amazon for bat conservation

The Carajás region is home to the largest number of iron caves in Brazil, but studies that integrate elements of biological diversity and landscape characteristics are scarce. We present the first study based on the bat cave vulnerability index (BCVI), which uses bats as a key species for prioritizing caves in South America, whose objective was to assess the biotic potential and vulnerability of caves in the Carajás region, determining priority sites and the most effective conservation actions. The study took place from August 2021 to March 2023, where an inventory of the chiropterofauna of 12 caves was carried out. We recorded 16 bat species, two of which are vulnerable to extinction – Furipterus horrens (Cuvier, 1828) and Natalus macrourus (Gervais, 1856) – and two endemics to the Amazon region – Hsunycteris aff. thomasi (Allen, 1904) and Phyllostomus latifolius (Thomas, 1901); as well as one species with insufficient data to delimit its endemicity or threat status (Lonchophyllinae sp.). Mining is the main anthropogenic activity in the region, but tourism is also present and acts as a potential source of disturbance to the caves. The BCVI revealed three high priority caves for conservation and four with medium priority, indicating that these habitats are vulnerable to species loss and population decline due to exposure to anthropogenic activities and habitat destruction, thus requiring more effective conservation strategies. Considering the uniqueness of the subterranean habitats, we recommend re-evaluating the proposals for expanding mining activities, implementing controlled tourist visitation plans and conducting ecological studies and long-term monitoring.

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来源期刊
Austral Ecology
Austral Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
117
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Austral Ecology is the premier journal for basic and applied ecology in the Southern Hemisphere. As the official Journal of The Ecological Society of Australia (ESA), Austral Ecology addresses the commonality between ecosystems in Australia and many parts of southern Africa, South America, New Zealand and Oceania. For example many species in the unique biotas of these regions share common Gondwana ancestors. ESA''s aim is to publish innovative research to encourage the sharing of information and experiences that enrich the understanding of the ecology of the Southern Hemisphere. Austral Ecology involves an editorial board with representatives from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, Brazil and Argentina. These representatives provide expert opinions, access to qualified reviewers and act as a focus for attracting a wide range of contributions from countries across the region. Austral Ecology publishes original papers describing experimental, observational or theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine or freshwater systems, which are considered without taxonomic bias. Special thematic issues are published regularly, including symposia on the ecology of estuaries and soft sediment habitats, freshwater systems and coral reef fish.
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