巨噬细胞的命运:杀还是不杀?

IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY
Infection and Immunity Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI:10.1128/iai.00476-23
Armando M Marrufo, Ana Lidia Flores-Mireles
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引用次数: 0

摘要

巨噬细胞是一种动态的先天性免疫细胞,它们或驻留在组织中充当哨兵,或作为单核细胞从骨髓中被招募到发炎和受感染的组织中。为了对组织微环境(TME)中的线索做出反应,巨噬细胞会连续极化为 M1 或 M2,在疾病的发展和缓解过程中发挥不同的作用。类似 M1 的巨噬细胞具有促炎功能,并具有抗微生物和抗肿瘤活性,而类似 M2 的巨噬细胞则具有抗炎功能,通常能消除炎症反应并协调组织愈合过程。鉴于这些相反的表型,巨噬细胞根据 TME 内的线索进行适当的时空协调极化对于有效解决感染性疾病和调节伤口愈合至关重要。然而,如果这种时空协调因持续感染或凝血功能失调而受到破坏,巨噬细胞对这些线索的不恰当反应将导致疾病的发生,造成不利的临床后果。由于可塑性和异质性是巨噬细胞的特征,因此它们是极具吸引力的治疗靶点,可将其重新编程为特定表型,从而缓解疾病并改善临床预后。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论基础科学研究如何阐明巨噬细胞在感染和炎症(尤其是凝血)过程中在创伤组织和器官中的极化机制。因此,了解巨噬细胞在TMEs内的极化动态对进一步开发靶向疗法非常重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Macrophage fate: to kill or not to kill?

Macrophages are dynamic innate immune cells that either reside in tissue, serving as sentinels, or recruited as monocytes from bone marrow into inflamed and infected tissue. In response to cues in the tissue microenvironment (TME), macrophages polarize on a continuum toward M1 or M2 with diverse roles in progression and resolution of disease. M1-like macrophages exhibit proinflammatory functions with antimicrobial and anti-tumorigenic activities, while M2-like macrophages have anti-inflammatory functions that generally resolve inflammatory responses and orchestrate a tissue healing process. Given these opposite phenotypes, proper spatiotemporal coordination of macrophage polarization in response to cues within the TME is critical to effectively resolve infectious disease and regulate wound healing. However, if this spatiotemporal coordination becomes disrupted due to persistent infection or dysregulated coagulation, macrophages' inappropriate response to these cues will result in the development of diseases with clinically unfavorable outcomes. Since plasticity and heterogeneity are hallmarks of macrophages, they are attractive targets for therapies to reprogram toward specific phenotypes that could resolve disease and favor clinical prognosis. In this review, we discuss how basic science studies have elucidated macrophage polarization mechanisms in TMEs during infections and inflammation, particularly coagulation. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of macrophage polarization within TMEs in diseases is important in further development of targeted therapies.

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来源期刊
Infection and Immunity
Infection and Immunity 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
6.50%
发文量
268
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Infection and Immunity (IAI) provides new insights into the interactions between bacterial, fungal and parasitic pathogens and their hosts. Specific areas of interest include mechanisms of molecular pathogenesis, virulence factors, cellular microbiology, experimental models of infection, host resistance or susceptibility, and the generation of innate and adaptive immune responses. IAI also welcomes studies of the microbiome relating to host-pathogen interactions.
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