Design of fractal shaped antenna with MBBA LC material dispersed with ZnO nanoparticles for bandwidth improvement

This article proposes a compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed antenna to improve proposed antenna’s bandwidth without altering its basic design. The proposed fractal shaped antenna comprises a CPW feed with a defective ground structure (DGS). The proposed antenna is operating at single frequency band (C), when the gap between two glass plates is filled with an air and covers two different frequency bands (S and C), when there is a LC material p-methoxy-benzylidene-p-n-butyl aniline (MBBA) with ZnO nanoparticles, further the proposed fractal antenna, resonating from 4.4 to 6 GHz frequency and offers 5.64 dBi peak gain with air gap and operates from 3.1 GHz to 6.8 GHz with a maximum obtained peak gain of 3.9 dBi when filled with MBBA dispersed with ZnO nano particles. IT also evident that the transition temperatures of pure MBBA are reduced when doped with ZnO nano particles. The results are compared and analyzed with the body of data available.