吠陀梵语符号学语法

Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI:10.1515/css-2024-2018
Steven Bonta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本研究中,我们将基于皮尔士本体论范畴的符号学或解释学语法学方法应用于吠陀梵语,该语言的语法受制于皮尔士第三性或[+3]。我们的研究表明,梵语语法在形态句法、词法和语音层面都体现了 "第三性"(Peircean Category of Thirdness),以及由此隐含的所有范式和句法配置。特别是,我们发现[+3]所隐含的 "皮尔森三元组"(Peircean Triad)不仅渗透到分句的句法结构中,也渗透到名词和有限动词的形态学中,甚至还渗透到音素的排序中。我们还描述了[+3]范式在名词去势、动词变位、词性变化和辅音分类中的作用。我们的结论是,虽然 "解释性语法 "与所有其他形式的语法描述一样,永远不可能以排除所有例外和 "混乱 "的方式来构建,但与传统的 "描述性 "语法相比,用符号学的方法来进行系统描述具有明显的优势,它能对不同层次的语言(从形态句法一直到语音学)以及句法和范式结构进行统一的描述。
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A semiotic grammar of Vedic Sanskrit
In this study, we apply the methodology of semiotic or interpretive grammar, based on the Peircean ontological Categories and developed in previous work with respect to Mandarin Chinese, to Vedic Sanskrit, a language whose grammar we have previously shown to be constrained by Peircean Thirdness or [+3]. We show the Peircean Category of Thirdness, with all of the paradigmatic and syntagmatic configurations implied thereby, to be richly exemplified throughout Sanskrit grammar, at the morphosyntactic, lexical, and phonological levels. In particular, the Peircean Triad implied by [+3] is found to permeate the syntagmatic structuring not only of clauses, but also of the morphology within both nouns and finite verbs, and even the ordering of phonemes. We also describe the operation of the constraint [+3] paradigmatically in noun declension, verb conjugation, lexical variation, and consonant classification. We conclude that, while “interpretive grammar,” as with all other forms of grammatical description, can never be framed in a way that excludes all exceptions and “messiness,” a semiotic approach to a systematic description has a significant advantage over conventional “descriptive” grammars in furnishing a unified account of different levels of language, from morphosyntax all the way down to phonology, and of both syntagmatic and paradigmatic structures.
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