意识的一般理论 III 人类灾难。

Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Communicative and Integrative Biology Pub Date : 2024-05-26 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1080/19420889.2024.2353197
Abraham Peper
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一般认为,语言交流可以准确表达 "事实 "和 "真理 "等概念。然而,语言从根本上说是不准确的、模糊的,不可能在一个模糊的媒介中准确表达确切的命题。无论真理是否存在,语言都无法准确表达。言语交际的一个主要问题是,言语的发送者和接收者对言语的理解从根本上说是不同的。此外,人与人之间的语言交流--我们头脑中的声音--是思维过程的无用延伸,会导致我们误解自己的想法。语言的发展对人类生活产生了深远的影响。最重要的是,它让人们对人类旧有的行为准则--语言出现之前的生活方式--提出了质疑。由于语言无法准确表达旧规则,它们便失去了权威,消失了。在一段漫长的时期内,人们没有任何共同生活的规则,可能伴随着完全的混乱。后来,人们用语言制定了新的规则,但新规则也受到了质疑,必须通过惩罚来执行。语言将人类在旧规则下的和平生活方式改变成了在惩罚性控制下的暴力和侵略性的生活方式。于是,宗教试图将旧规则纳入严酷的语言世界。这些规则在语言中通过寓言来表达:想象中的存在--神--拥有旧规则的力量,但他们可以通过人类的外表和行为与人类建立联系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A general theory of consciousness III the human catastrophe.

It is generally assumed that verbal communication can articulate concepts like 'fact' and 'truth' accurately. However, language is fundamentally inaccurate and ambiguous and it is not possible to express exact propositions accurately in an ambiguous medium. Whether truth exists or not, language cannot express it in any exact way. A major problem for verbal communication is that words are fundamentally differently interpreted by the sender and the receiver. In addition, intrapersonal verbal communication - the voice in our head - is a useless extension to the thought process and results in misunderstanding our own thoughts. The evolvement of language has had a profound impact on human life. Most consequential has been that it allowed people to question the old human rules of behavior - the pre-language way of living. As language could not accurately express the old rules, they lost their authority and disappeared. A long period without any rules of how to live together must have followed, probably accompanied by complete chaos. Later, new rules were devised in language, but the new rules were also questioned and had to be enforced by punishment. Language changed the peaceful human way of living under the old rules into violent and aggressive forms of living under punitive control. Religion then tried to incorporate the old rules into the harsh verbal world. The rules were expressed in language through parables: imaginary beings - the gods - who possessed the power of the old rules, but who could be related to through their human appearance and behavior.

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来源期刊
Communicative and Integrative Biology
Communicative and Integrative Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
22
审稿时长
6 weeks
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