{"title":"氧化铝氯化热力学分析","authors":"T. Vetchinkina","doi":"10.1134/s2075113324020436","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A thermodynamic analysis of the chlorination of aluminum oxide was performed for the main possible reactions of interaction with chlorine. The process can only proceed in the direction of decreasing Gibbs energy (ΔG). The condition ΔG < 0 determines the fundamental possibility of carrying out the process under the given conditions and is determined only by the initial and final state of the system. The calculated Gibbs energy and the equilibrium constant in the temperature range of 400–1000 K show that, in the presence of a reducing agent, the reaction equilibrium is shifted towards the formation of aluminum chloride. It has been established that changes in the Gibbs energy of the chlorination reactions of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> polymorphs increase in the series γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, amorphous Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, δ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. It is possible to assess efficiently the main principles of obtaining anhydrous aluminum chloride in a reacting system by assessing the change in the ratio of the starting components. A thermodynamic analysis of the Al–O–C–Cl and Al–O–C–Cl–Si–Na systems was performed at different component ratios. The latter system is a rough alumina containing sodium aluminosilicate. It has been shown that 100% yield of target products with the complete use of chlorine corresponds to the stoichiometry of their chemical interaction. The possibility of selective chlorination of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiCl<sub>4</sub> has been determined. Sodium oxide, as demonstrated by calculations, is completely converted into chloride, which makes it possible to use the residue from chlorination to produce aluminum silicon alloys without sodium impurities.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Thermodynamic Analysis of Aluminum Oxide Chlorination\",\"authors\":\"T. Vetchinkina\",\"doi\":\"10.1134/s2075113324020436\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Abstract</h3><p>A thermodynamic analysis of the chlorination of aluminum oxide was performed for the main possible reactions of interaction with chlorine. The process can only proceed in the direction of decreasing Gibbs energy (ΔG). The condition ΔG < 0 determines the fundamental possibility of carrying out the process under the given conditions and is determined only by the initial and final state of the system. The calculated Gibbs energy and the equilibrium constant in the temperature range of 400–1000 K show that, in the presence of a reducing agent, the reaction equilibrium is shifted towards the formation of aluminum chloride. It has been established that changes in the Gibbs energy of the chlorination reactions of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> polymorphs increase in the series γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, amorphous Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, δ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and α-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. It is possible to assess efficiently the main principles of obtaining anhydrous aluminum chloride in a reacting system by assessing the change in the ratio of the starting components. A thermodynamic analysis of the Al–O–C–Cl and Al–O–C–Cl–Si–Na systems was performed at different component ratios. The latter system is a rough alumina containing sodium aluminosilicate. It has been shown that 100% yield of target products with the complete use of chlorine corresponds to the stoichiometry of their chemical interaction. The possibility of selective chlorination of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiCl<sub>4</sub> has been determined. Sodium oxide, as demonstrated by calculations, is completely converted into chloride, which makes it possible to use the residue from chlorination to produce aluminum silicon alloys without sodium impurities.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":586,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2075113324020436\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2075113324020436","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermodynamic Analysis of Aluminum Oxide Chlorination
Abstract
A thermodynamic analysis of the chlorination of aluminum oxide was performed for the main possible reactions of interaction with chlorine. The process can only proceed in the direction of decreasing Gibbs energy (ΔG). The condition ΔG < 0 determines the fundamental possibility of carrying out the process under the given conditions and is determined only by the initial and final state of the system. The calculated Gibbs energy and the equilibrium constant in the temperature range of 400–1000 K show that, in the presence of a reducing agent, the reaction equilibrium is shifted towards the formation of aluminum chloride. It has been established that changes in the Gibbs energy of the chlorination reactions of Al2O3 polymorphs increase in the series γ-Al2O3, amorphous Al2O3, δ-Al2O3, and α-Al2O3. It is possible to assess efficiently the main principles of obtaining anhydrous aluminum chloride in a reacting system by assessing the change in the ratio of the starting components. A thermodynamic analysis of the Al–O–C–Cl and Al–O–C–Cl–Si–Na systems was performed at different component ratios. The latter system is a rough alumina containing sodium aluminosilicate. It has been shown that 100% yield of target products with the complete use of chlorine corresponds to the stoichiometry of their chemical interaction. The possibility of selective chlorination of Al2O3 and SiCl4 has been determined. Sodium oxide, as demonstrated by calculations, is completely converted into chloride, which makes it possible to use the residue from chlorination to produce aluminum silicon alloys without sodium impurities.
期刊介绍:
Inorganic Materials: Applied Research contains translations of research articles devoted to applied aspects of inorganic materials. Best articles are selected from four Russian periodicals: Materialovedenie, Perspektivnye Materialy, Fizika i Khimiya Obrabotki Materialov, and Voprosy Materialovedeniya and translated into English. The journal reports recent achievements in materials science: physical and chemical bases of materials science; effects of synergism in composite materials; computer simulations; creation of new materials (including carbon-based materials and ceramics, semiconductors, superconductors, composite materials, polymers, materials for nuclear engineering, materials for aircraft and space engineering, materials for quantum electronics, materials for electronics and optoelectronics, materials for nuclear and thermonuclear power engineering, radiation-hardened materials, materials for use in medicine, etc.); analytical techniques; structure–property relationships; nanostructures and nanotechnologies; advanced technologies; use of hydrogen in structural materials; and economic and environmental issues. The journal also considers engineering issues of materials processing with plasma, high-gradient crystallization, laser technology, and ultrasonic technology. Currently the journal does not accept direct submissions, but submissions to one of the source journals is possible.