洗钱和资助恐怖主义风险与民主治理:全球相关性分析

IF 1.3 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Amidu Kalokoh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的 本文旨在研究 117 个国家的洗钱(ML)/资助恐怖主义(TF)风险(以下简称 "洗钱风险")与民主治理之间的关联。研究结果基于 117 个国家在洗钱/资助恐怖主义风险和民主方面的年度评级,同时控制了犯罪率和和平因素。数据来自巴塞尔反洗钱/反恐融资风险指数、经济情报股(民主指数)、打击跨国有组织犯罪全球倡议(犯罪指数)以及经济与和平研究所 2020 年指数。研究结果多元线性回归模型发现,民主治理与洗钱风险之间存在显著的负相关(B = -0.354,t = -7.454,p = 0.001),犯罪率与洗钱风险之间存在显著的正相关(B = 0.242,t = 2.692,p = 0.008)。该研究只用了一年的时间来检验洗钱风险与民主治理之间负相关的假设,因此很难进行推广。有必要对洗钱风险与民主治理之间的关联进行估计,尤其是在 COVID-19 这样的全球危机期间,民主原则(如法治、透明度和问责制)受到挑战。许多人员被解雇,从而限制了对 ML 和 TF 的监督。本研究提供了这种关联的证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Money laundering and terrorist financing risks and democratic governance: a global correlational analysis

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the association between money laundering (ML)/terrorist financing (TF) risks (hereafter, money laundering risks) and democratic governance across 117 countries.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional design was used to examine the association between ML risks and democratic governance by a quantitative approach. The findings are based on annual ratings of 117 countries on ML/TF risks and democracy while controlling for criminality and peace. The data was compiled from the Basel Anti-Money Laundering/Countering Financing Terrorism Risks Index, the Economic Intelligence Unit (Democracy Index), the Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crimes (Criminality Index) and the Institute for Economics and Peace Index for 2020.

Findings

A multiple linear regression model found a statistically significant negative association between democratic governance and ML risks (B = −0.354, t = −7.454, p = <0.001) and a significant positive association between criminality and ML risks (B = 0.242, t = 2.692, p = 0.008).

Research limitations/implications

A cross-sectional design cannot determine causal inferences and generalization (Levin, 2006). The study only used a year to examine the hypothesis of a negative correlation between ML risks and democratic governance, thus making generalization difficult.

Originality/value

Extant literature examined ML, terrorism and AML diversely. There was a need to estimate the association between ML risks and democratic governance, especially globally, during a global crisis like COVID-19, when democratic principles, such as the rule of law, transparency and accountability, are challenged. Many personnel were laid off, thus limiting supervision for ML and TF. This study presents evidence of this association.

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来源期刊
Journal of Money Laundering Control
Journal of Money Laundering Control CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
27.30%
发文量
59
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