{"title":"太赫兹波段体外链路的低复杂度同步方法","authors":"Jorge Torres Gómez;Jennifer Simonjan;Falko Dressler","doi":"10.1109/JSAC.2024.3399255","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Precision medicine applications supported by nanotechnologies enforce designing a communication interface between in-body nanosensors and external gateways. Such a communication interface will enable both a data and a control channel between nanodevices operating within the human body and external control units. In this direction, recent literature focuses on deriving analytic channel models for intra-body links through the human tissues, including the analysis of achievable communication capacities in the terahertz band. A yet missing component, however, is a synchronization module to implement communication schemes in the intra-body link. Such synchronization module will ultimately bound the communication performance regarding the perceived signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER), for instance. This paper contributes to the state of the art in two directions: (a) evaluating the bounds on the communication performance with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the synchronization symbol timing offset (STO) and (b) designing a low-complex mechanism to synchronize communication. This analysis considers a communication link between external gateways located on the skin and nanosensor devices flowing in the human vessels. Using envelope and slope detectors, we devise a low-complex solution that relies on the received signal strength (RSS) metric to trigger data emissions. The method estimates the peak of the received RSS metric to ignite communication in the most favorable location, i.e., when the nanosensor is located at the shortest distance in the communication range with external gateways. Our findings illustrate the feasibility of such a low-complex synchronization method. Performance illustrates a BER less than \n<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1\\times 10^{-5}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\n for those nanosensors traveling close to the upper vessel wall.","PeriodicalId":73294,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal on selected areas in communications : a publication of the IEEE Communications Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Low-Complex Synchronization Method for Intra-Body Links in the Terahertz Band\",\"authors\":\"Jorge Torres Gómez;Jennifer Simonjan;Falko Dressler\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/JSAC.2024.3399255\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Precision medicine applications supported by nanotechnologies enforce designing a communication interface between in-body nanosensors and external gateways. Such a communication interface will enable both a data and a control channel between nanodevices operating within the human body and external control units. In this direction, recent literature focuses on deriving analytic channel models for intra-body links through the human tissues, including the analysis of achievable communication capacities in the terahertz band. A yet missing component, however, is a synchronization module to implement communication schemes in the intra-body link. Such synchronization module will ultimately bound the communication performance regarding the perceived signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER), for instance. This paper contributes to the state of the art in two directions: (a) evaluating the bounds on the communication performance with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the synchronization symbol timing offset (STO) and (b) designing a low-complex mechanism to synchronize communication. This analysis considers a communication link between external gateways located on the skin and nanosensor devices flowing in the human vessels. Using envelope and slope detectors, we devise a low-complex solution that relies on the received signal strength (RSS) metric to trigger data emissions. The method estimates the peak of the received RSS metric to ignite communication in the most favorable location, i.e., when the nanosensor is located at the shortest distance in the communication range with external gateways. Our findings illustrate the feasibility of such a low-complex synchronization method. Performance illustrates a BER less than \\n<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1\\\\times 10^{-5}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\\n for those nanosensors traveling close to the upper vessel wall.\",\"PeriodicalId\":73294,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"IEEE journal on selected areas in communications : a publication of the IEEE Communications Society\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"IEEE journal on selected areas in communications : a publication of the IEEE Communications Society\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10540039/\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE journal on selected areas in communications : a publication of the IEEE Communications Society","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10540039/","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Low-Complex Synchronization Method for Intra-Body Links in the Terahertz Band
Precision medicine applications supported by nanotechnologies enforce designing a communication interface between in-body nanosensors and external gateways. Such a communication interface will enable both a data and a control channel between nanodevices operating within the human body and external control units. In this direction, recent literature focuses on deriving analytic channel models for intra-body links through the human tissues, including the analysis of achievable communication capacities in the terahertz band. A yet missing component, however, is a synchronization module to implement communication schemes in the intra-body link. Such synchronization module will ultimately bound the communication performance regarding the perceived signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER), for instance. This paper contributes to the state of the art in two directions: (a) evaluating the bounds on the communication performance with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the synchronization symbol timing offset (STO) and (b) designing a low-complex mechanism to synchronize communication. This analysis considers a communication link between external gateways located on the skin and nanosensor devices flowing in the human vessels. Using envelope and slope detectors, we devise a low-complex solution that relies on the received signal strength (RSS) metric to trigger data emissions. The method estimates the peak of the received RSS metric to ignite communication in the most favorable location, i.e., when the nanosensor is located at the shortest distance in the communication range with external gateways. Our findings illustrate the feasibility of such a low-complex synchronization method. Performance illustrates a BER less than
$1\times 10^{-5}$
for those nanosensors traveling close to the upper vessel wall.