Mobile forensic photogrammetry in the field: Conservative approach to non-collaborative surfaces

Conventional photogrammetry faces challenges with non-textured, transparent, or reflective surfaces, affecting accurate 3D modeling, particularly in forensic documentation. This study evaluates improvements using lower exposure, exposure bracketing, and RAW format for better 3D modeling of non-textured surfaces. Two bodies were photographed under controlled conditions to assess techniques for non-textured surfaces, with a comparison set for textured surfaces. The experiments were conducted in an autopsy room with a Nikon D5500 camera, adjusting for low exposure, exposure bracketing, RAW format, and increased photo redundancy. Models with Meshroom (Alicevision). Our focus was on visual plausibility rather than quantitative metrics. Results indicated that using RAW format with exposure bracketing and low exposure significantly improved 3D models by reducing artificial edges seen with standard JPG images, despite some noise. A redundant series of RAW photos further reduced edge artifacts and noise, demonstrating the effectiveness of averaging photos to enhance model quality. However, these modifications showed marginal improvements on textured surfaces, underscoring their significant benefits primarily for non-textured surfaces. This study highlights the potential of modified photogrammetry techniques in forensic science, particularly for documenting challenging surfaces. It points out the need for further research, given its limitations in sample size and the absence of extensive parameter testing and quantitative analysis.