Noah H. Reed, Thomas R. Butts, J. Norsworthy, J. Hardke, L. Barber, Nick R. Bateman, Aurelie M. Poncet, K. B. Kouamé
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The widest width of 152-cm had a slight increase in E. crus-galli density in the early rice life cycle but, by the end of the season, did not differ from the narrower bed widths. Conversely, a decrease in E. crus-galli seed production was observed as the bed width increased. Similar rice canopy coverage and yields occurred between all three bed widths. As for crop row spacing, as the width increased, E. crus-galli density also increased. The 13-cm crop row spacing had the lowest preflood E. crus-galli density, preharvest panicle count, and seed production. No effect of crop row spacing was observed on rice canopy coverage; however, the 13-cm crop row spacing produced the greatest rice yield. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
沟灌水稻(Oryza sativa L.)已成为阿肯色州水稻生产的一种流行选择。稗草[Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.]等问题严重的杂草是所有水稻生产系统中生产者面临的主要问题。为提高作物的生长和竞争力,应优先采用栽培策略。本研究旨在确定床宽(灌溉沟距)和作物行距对沟灌水稻系统中 E. crus-galli 出苗和种子产量的影响。采用了三种床宽(76 厘米、97 厘米和 152 厘米)(全小区因子),并以四种作物行距(子小区因子)(13 厘米、19 厘米、25 厘米和 38 厘米)对小区进行了钻播。在水稻生命周期的早期,最宽的 152 厘米床面的 E. crus-galli 密度略有增加,但到季节结束时,与较窄的床面宽度没有区别。相反,随着稻床宽度的增加,E. crus-galli 的种子产量也有所减少。三种床宽的水稻冠层覆盖率和产量相似。至于作物行距,随着宽度的增加,E. crus-galli 的密度也在增加。13 厘米的作物行距在淹水前的 E. crus-galli 密度、收割前的圆锥花序数和种子产量都最低。作物行距对水稻冠层覆盖率没有影响,但 13 厘米作物行距的水稻产量最高。13 厘米的作物行距与 152 厘米的床宽可能是沟灌水稻生态策略的最佳组合,可在保持水稻生长和产量的同时减少 E. crus-galli 种子产量。
Effects of Bed Width and Crop Row Spacing on Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Emergence and Seed Production in Furrow-Irrigated Rice
Furrow-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) has become a popular option for rice production in Arkansas. Highly troublesome weeds like barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] are a major problem for producers in all rice production systems. Cultural tactics should become a priority to enhance crop growth and competitiveness. This research aimed to determine the effects of bed width (irrigation furrow spacing) and crop row spacing manipulation on E. crus-galli emergence and seed production in a furrow-irrigated rice system. Three bed widths (76-, 97-, and 152-cm) (whole plot factor) were used, and plots were drill-seeded in four crop row spacings (subplot factor) (13-, 19-, 25-, and 38-cm). The widest width of 152-cm had a slight increase in E. crus-galli density in the early rice life cycle but, by the end of the season, did not differ from the narrower bed widths. Conversely, a decrease in E. crus-galli seed production was observed as the bed width increased. Similar rice canopy coverage and yields occurred between all three bed widths. As for crop row spacing, as the width increased, E. crus-galli density also increased. The 13-cm crop row spacing had the lowest preflood E. crus-galli density, preharvest panicle count, and seed production. No effect of crop row spacing was observed on rice canopy coverage; however, the 13-cm crop row spacing produced the greatest rice yield. The 13-cm crop row spacing paired with the 152-cm bed width may be the optimum combination of ecological strategies in furrow-irrigated rice to reduce E. crus-galli seed production while maintaining rice growth and yield.
期刊介绍:
Weed Science publishes original research and scholarship in the form of peer-reviewed articles focused on fundamental research directly related to all aspects of weed science in agricultural systems. Topics for Weed Science include:
- the biology and ecology of weeds in agricultural, forestry, aquatic, turf, recreational, rights-of-way and other settings, genetics of weeds
- herbicide resistance, chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and molecular action of herbicides and plant growth regulators used to manage undesirable vegetation
- ecology of cropping and other agricultural systems as they relate to weed management
- biological and ecological aspects of weed control tools including biological agents, and herbicide resistant crops
- effect of weed management on soil, air and water.