Xiphocentron 亚属(毛翅目:Xiphocentronidae)雄性生殖器的几何形态计量比较:Sphagocentron 亚属的新种、修正和系统发生学

Albane Vilarino, A. Calor
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摘要

几何形态统计已被用于减少分类中视觉评价的主观性。大多数昆虫类群的分类在很大程度上依赖于雄性生殖器形态学,而雄性生殖器往往是数据最多的结构,这在笛鲷分类学中也是如此。在此,我们对笛蝇亚属 Xiphocentron(Sphagocentron)进行了修订,并在 40 年后增加了 5 个新种:此外,我们还描述了一个新的 X. (Antillotrichia):drepanumsp.nov.,并提供了玻利维亚、哥斯达黎加和厄瓜多尔的 Xiphocentronidae 新种记录。我们对雄性生殖器的肛前附属物进行了探索性的几何形态计量分析,以描述不同物种之间的形态差异,并研究其在物种亚属分类中的实用性。为了推断物种关系,并评估形状一致是否是由于系统发育信号或趋同造成的,我们使用了来自 100 个地标和半地标以及 30 个离散特征的数据来生成一个系统发育假说。形态测量结果部分支持了亚属的划分,但 Antillotrichia 亚属与其他亚属有很大的重叠。判别分析的总体分类正确率为 64%。一些建议的表型组是由于趋同造成的。根据肛前附肢形态学,X. (Antillotrichia) fuscum 属于 Sphagocentron 种。系统进化分析发现 Sphagocentron 为单系,而 Antillotrichia 不是单系。Sphagocentron 亚属被置于几个 Antillotrichia 种类的支系中,X. (A. ) fuscum 是其他 Sphagocentron 种类的姊妹,尽管支持值很低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative geometric morphometrics of male genitalia in Xiphocentron subgenera (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): new species, revision and phylogenetic systematics of the subgenus Sphagocentron
Geometric morphometric statistics have been employed to reduce the subjectivity of visual evaluations in taxonomy. Taxonomy in most insect groups relies strongly on male genitalia morphology which is often the structure with most data available, which is also true to caddisfly taxonomy. Here we revise the caddisfly subgenus Xiphocentron (Sphagocentron) adding five new species after 40 years: X. dactylumsp. nov., X. eurybrachiumsp. nov., X. tapantisp. nov., and X. tuxtlasp. nov.Additionally, we describe a new X. (Antillotrichia): X. drepanumsp. nov. from French Guiana and provide new species records of Xiphocentronidae from Bolivia, Costa Rica and Ecuador. We performed exploratory geometric morphometric analysis on the male genitalia’s preanal appendage to characterize the shape differences among the species, and to investigate its utility to classify species to subgenera. In order to infer species relationship and assess if shape congruences are due to phylogenetic signal or convergence data from 100 landmarks and semilandmarks, and 30 discrete characters were used to generate a phylogenetic hypothesis. The morphometry partially supports the subgenera delimitations, but the Antillotrichia subgenus greatly overlapped with other subgenera. The discriminant analysis overall classification correctness was 64%. Some suggested phenotypic groups were due to convergence. According to the preanal appendage morphometry, X. (Antillotrichia) fuscum is a Sphagocentron species. The phylogenetic analysis recovered Sphagocentron as monophyletic, but not Antillotrichia. Sphagocentron subgenus was placed within a clade of several Antillotrichia species, with X. (A.) fuscum as the sister of the other Sphagocentron species, although support values were low.
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