利用奇偶特征选择改进的基于集合的心血管疾病检测系统

A. E. Korial, I. I. Gorial, Amjad J. Humaidi
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摘要

心血管疾病(CVD)是全球死亡的主要原因,因此,早期检测心血管疾病至关重要。许多智能技术,包括深度学习和机器学习(ML),正在被集成到医疗保健系统中,用于疾病预测。本文使用具有奇偶特征选择的投票集合 ML 来早期检测心血管疾病。我们的方法涉及应用多种 ML 分类器,包括天真贝叶斯、随机森林、逻辑回归 (LR) 和 k 近邻。我们通过准确度、特异性、灵敏度、F1-分数、混淆矩阵和曲线下面积(AUC)等指标对这些分类器进行了评估。我们通过投票机制将不同 ML 分类器的预测结果结合在一起,创建了一个集合模型,然后对照单个分类器对其性能进行了衡量。此外,我们还对克利夫兰心脏病数据集中的 303 条记录的 13 个临床特征采用了卡方特征选择法,以确定 5 个最重要的特征。这种方法提高了我们的集合模型的整体准确性,并将计算负荷大大降低了 50%以上。我们的投票集合模型取得了 92.11% 的显著准确率,比单一最高分类器(LR)平均提高了 2.95%,显示了卓越的有效性。这些结果表明,集合方法是提高心血管疾病预测准确率的一种可行且实用的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Improved Ensemble-Based Cardiovascular Disease Detection System with Chi-Square Feature Selection
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally; therefore, early detection of CVD is crucial. Many intelligent technologies, including deep learning and machine learning (ML), are being integrated into healthcare systems for disease prediction. This paper uses a voting ensemble ML with chi-square feature selection to detect CVD early. Our approach involved applying multiple ML classifiers, including naïve Bayes, random forest, logistic regression (LR), and k-nearest neighbor. These classifiers were evaluated through metrics including accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, F1-score, confusion matrix, and area under the curve (AUC). We created an ensemble model by combining predictions from the different ML classifiers through a voting mechanism, whose performance was then measured against individual classifiers. Furthermore, we applied chi-square feature selection method to the 303 records across 13 clinical features in the Cleveland cardiac disease dataset to identify the 5 most important features. This approach improved the overall accuracy of our ensemble model and reduced the computational load considerably by more than 50%. Demonstrating superior effectiveness, our voting ensemble model achieved a remarkable accuracy of 92.11%, representing an average improvement of 2.95% over the single highest classifier (LR). These results indicate the ensemble method as a viable and practical approach to improve the accuracy of CVD prediction.
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