Promoting health and wellness through Indigenous sacred sites, ceremony grounds, and land-based learning: a scoping review

This study analyzes the literature on Indigenous sacred sites within the larger topic areas of land-based education and healing, as per the guidance of Anishinaabe (a group of Indigenous Peoples from the Great Lakes and the Great Plains areas of contemporary Canada and USA) Elders and community leaders in eastern Manitoba, Canada. A scoping review was conducted to identify the size, scope, nature, and key themes of existing research in seven databases, inclusive of gray literature which is a key source for Indigenous organizations. In total, we analyzed 35 articles and documents. The emerging themes included: (1) sacred sites and the promotion of health and wellness; (2) sacred sites as places of knowledge; (3) the desecration and protection of sacred sites; and (4) legal battles between Indigenous Peoples and the state. Recommendations to advance understandings and correct colonially imposed imbalances are discussed, and health and legal implications are outlined.