中国北方农牧生态区不同土地利用类型的土壤微生物群落差异可能是人为活动造成的

Zhaokai Sun, Chongzhi Sun, Tongrui Zhang, Jia Liu, Xinning Wang, Jing Feng, Shu‐cheng Li, Shiming Tang, K. Jin
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摘要

中国北方农牧区有多种土地利用类型,包括天然草地和人工草地、灌丛地、林地和耕地,这些土地利用类型可能会改变土壤微生物群落,但人们对这些不同土地利用类型中的土壤微生物群落仍然知之甚少。本研究比较了中国北方农牧生态区中这五种土地利用类型的土壤微生物群落。结果表明,土地利用对土壤细菌和真菌群落结构有很大影响。灌木林地的细菌多样性最高,天然草地最低;林地的真菌多样性最高。不同土地利用类型的微生物网络结构复杂性也有显著差异。人工草地和农田的复杂性较低,可能是这两种土地利用类型的人为活动强度较高的结果,而灌木林地和林地网络结构复杂性较高,具有低强度管理的特点,可能是人为干扰较少的结果。对土壤特性(如土壤理化性质、土壤养分、微生物量碳氮水平)和土壤微生物群落的相关性分析表明,虽然微生物类群在一定程度上与土壤环境因子相关,但这些因子并不能充分解释土地利用类型之间的微生物群落差异。了解中国北方农牧区土壤微生物群落的变异性对于确定最有效的土地管理策略和在区域层面保护微生物多样性至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Soil microbial community variation among different land use types in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China is likely to be caused by anthropogenic activities
There are various types of land use in the agricultural and pastoral areas of northern China, including natural grassland and artificial grassland, scrub land, forest land and farmland, may change the soil microbial community However, the soil microbial communities in these different land use types remain poorly understood. In this study, we compared soil microbial communities in these five land use types within the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. Our results showed that land use has had a considerable impact on soil bacterial and fungal community structures. Bacterial diversity was highest in shrubland and lowest in natural grassland; fungal diversity was highest in woodland. Microbial network structural complexity also differed significantly among land use types. The lower complexity of artificial grassland and farmland may be a result of the high intensity of anthropogenic activities in these two land-use types, while the higher structural complexity of the shrubland and woodland networks characterised by low-intensity management may be a result of low anthropogenic disturbance. Correlation analysis of soil properties (e.g., soil physicochemical properties, soil nutrients, and microbiomass carbon and nitrogen levels) and soil microbial communities demonstrated that although microbial taxa were correlated to some extent with soil environmental factors, these factors did not sufficiently explain the microbial community differences among land use types. Understanding variability among soil microbial communities within agro-pastoral areas of northern China is critical for determining the most effective land management strategies and conserving microbial diversity at the regional level.
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