开发系统模型,阐明物种重引入的社会生态影响

IF 3.6 2区 社会学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ryo Sakurai, Takuro Uehara, Hiroshi Tsunoda, Hiroto Enari, Richard C. Stedman, Ayumi Onuma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

重新引入当地灭绝/濒临灭绝的物种一直被认为是恢复生态系统的一种方法。虽然这些项目的目标都是重建先前受影响的生态系统,但这种重新引入对生态系统和人类社会(即社会生态系统)产生的总体影响却很难衡量。我们提出了一种系统动力学方法,这是一个自然科学家和社会科学家可以合作的平台,以确定物种再引入的社会生态影响以及影响此类决策的因素。我们利用日本的案例展示了系统动力学在以下方面的潜在适用性:(1)了解以前重新引入的物种东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)的影响;(2)预测重新引入狼(Canis lupus)的影响。我们提出了东方白鹳重新引入的社会和生态影响的因果循环图,并讨论了如何根据日本的经验数据和正在进行的项目阐明各因素之间的关系。该模型展示了在重新引入东方白鹳后,当地居民如何开始欣赏包括东方白鹳在内的丰富的生物多样性,以及公众对这种重新引入的支持如何促进了在日本不同地区重新引入这些物种的进一步项目。为说明可能在日本重新引入狼的社会和生态影响而制作的类似图表,展示了环境教育和公众态度等社会因素如何影响决策,以及捕食者-猎物动态和整体生物多样性等生态因素。此外,人狼冲突也会对整个循环产生负面影响。创建因果循环图可以帮助管理者和利益相关者理解,物种再引入项目需要通过跨学科的方法进行考虑。这些模型说明,这些问题是动态的,影响这些项目或受其影响的因素会随着时间的推移而变化,这意味着在管理物种重引进项目时,空间和时间尺度都很重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Developing a system model for articulating the social-ecological impacts of species reintroduction

Reintroducing locally extinct/extirpated species has been considered as an approach for restoring ecosystems. Although such projects share the same goals of rebuilding previously affected ecosystems, the overall impacts that such reintroductions generate on both ecosystems and human society, i.e., on the social-ecological system, are difficult to measure. We propose a system dynamics approach, a platform on which both natural and social scientists could collaborate to identify the social-ecological impacts of species reintroduction as well as factors that affect such decision making. We use cases in Japan to demonstrate the potential applicability of system dynamics in terms of (1) understanding the impacts of a previously reintroduced species, the Oriental Stork (Ciconia boyciana), and (2) predicting the impacts of reintroduction of wolves (Canis lupus). We present a causal loop diagram of the social and ecological effects of Oriental Stork reintroduction, and we discuss how the relationships between factors could be articulated based on empirical data and ongoing projects in Japan. The model demonstrates how local residents began to appreciate the rich biodiversity, including the Oriental Stork, following its reintroduction, and how public support toward such reintroduction enhanced further projects to reintroduce these species in different parts of Japan. A similar diagram, created to illustrate the social and ecological effects of the potential reintroduction of wolves to Japan, demonstrates how social factors such as environmental education and public attitudes could affect decision making as well as ecological factors such as predator-prey dynamics and overall biodiversity. Further, human-wolf conflicts could negatively affect the overall loop. Creating causal loop diagrams can help managers and stakeholders understand that species reintroduction projects need to be considered via an interdisciplinary approach. The models illustrate that these problems are dynamic and that the factors affecting or affected by such projects change over time, implying the importance of both the spatial and temporal scales in managing reintroduction projects.

The post Developing a system model for articulating the social-ecological impacts of species reintroduction first appeared on Ecology & Society.

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来源期刊
Ecology and Society
Ecology and Society 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
4.90%
发文量
109
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecology and Society is an electronic, peer-reviewed, multi-disciplinary journal devoted to the rapid dissemination of current research. Manuscript submission, peer review, and publication are all handled on the Internet. Software developed for the journal automates all clerical steps during peer review, facilitates a double-blind peer review process, and allows authors and editors to follow the progress of peer review on the Internet. As articles are accepted, they are published in an "Issue in Progress." At four month intervals the Issue-in-Progress is declared a New Issue, and subscribers receive the Table of Contents of the issue via email. Our turn-around time (submission to publication) averages around 350 days. We encourage publication of special features. Special features are comprised of a set of manuscripts that address a single theme, and include an introductory and summary manuscript. The individual contributions are published in regular issues, and the special feature manuscripts are linked through a table of contents and announced on the journal''s main page. The journal seeks papers that are novel, integrative and written in a way that is accessible to a wide audience that includes an array of disciplines from the natural sciences, social sciences, and the humanities concerned with the relationship between society and the life-supporting ecosystems on which human wellbeing ultimately depends.
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